tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-89909409779328008402024-03-13T15:43:57.000-07:00Zhulkeflee - ArchiveZhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.comBlogger50125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-76276840813817275212009-03-28T21:20:00.000-07:002009-03-28T21:36:31.056-07:00"Why Chua Gim San Chose Islam"<strong><blockquote><p align="left"><strong><span style="color:#ff0000;"> (extracted from "The Muslim Reader) a qurterly publication of<br />Darul Arqam Singapore, MCAS [Muslim Converts' Association of<br />Singapore.]</span></strong></p></blockquote></strong><p><strong></strong> </p><p><strong> </p><p align="center"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">------------------------------------------</span></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><span style="font-size:180%;">Why Chua Gim San chose Islam</span></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><span style="font-size:130%;">-------------------------------------------</span></strong></p><strong><p align="center"><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">"...This day have I Perfected your religion for you, completed my Favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion." </span></p><p align="center"><span style="font-size:180%;">(The Holy Quran, Al-Maidah:3)</span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:180%;"></span> </p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:130%;">Ihsan Chua Gim Sam, 23, born a Taoist, who when he was 9 years old believed in Christianity because of a threat and later in his young teens followed the teachings of Buddha, shares with Sister Muneera Al-Aydros, his path toward embracing Islam.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">According to a hadith, when a child is born, he or she is like a white cloth, it is the parents that will colour the white cloth to be red, blue, green or yellow. My parents are Taoists, therefore I was brought up as a Taoist since my birth. During my childhood years, I believed and accepted Taoism even though I did not know anything about it. It was only during my teens did I find out that Taoism is a religion of ancestral worshipping. My parents like many other Taoists do not even know or bother to find out the history of Taoism. I was not taught the history or principles of Taoism. I accepted and practised Taoism according to what was "handed down" to me by my parents. Like many Taoists, I accepted what was "handed down" to me without any qualms.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">When I was about 9 years old, a school teacher told me and some of my school mates that we should all become Christians. We were told if we do not become Christians, we will have to die as a punishment for being a non-Christian. I was very afraid of that threat. Thereupon I became a believer of two religions - Taoism (because of my family) and Christianity (because of the threat). As I grew older, I could not decide which religion I should be practising.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">During my third and fourth year in Secondary School, I opted to study Buddhism as a subject in Religious Knowledge because it was known to be the easiest paper to study for. I was influenced by the Buddhism doctrine because it is very logical and practical. The concept of benevolence in Buddhism struck a chord in my heart. I followed the teaching of Buddhism as closely as possible but I did not become Buddhist I found that even though Buddhism is based on good principles and practices, however, it lacks the presence of a supreme being - God. When I joined St. Andrew's Junior College, a missionary aided school, it was compulsory for all students (except Muslim students) to attend the school's weekly chapel service. During the service, we sang songs and listened to sermons. At the end of some of the services, we were asked if any of us would like the become Christians. I was influenced by one particular priest, whom I considered to be "powerful" in his preaching. He used prophecies in the Bible to effectively prove the "Truth" found in the Old Testament in relation with those found in the New Testament. I was especially impressed when he spoke of prophecies in the OT being fulfilled in the NT. My interest was also aroused when he talked about the Last Day. He also related to us various experiences that some Christians have gone through. One example was that of a Christian lady who was certified dead. In her "death", she went through the ordeal of having her legs pulled down to Hell. Somehow she was released and came back to life. On her return from "death" she confirmed that there is God, life after death and Hell as stated in the Bible. That was how I was initially drawn toward Protestant Anglican religion. I was 17 years old then.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">However I could not settled down with one one denomination of the Christian faith. I kept changing from one church to another. I was still searching for inner peace and could not make up my mind as to which church I should be attending. When I was in my final year in the army, I met a friend who brought me to his church, St. John St. Margaret. I finally felt "at home" in this church. I became active with the church activities. I was a leader in two ministries, one ministry dealt with children while the other was a sports ministry. I was involved in the children tuition scheme. The ministry provided free tuition to school children at the same time, spreading the message of Christianity slowly and subtly. The children were from Primary One level onwards. I was assigned to take care of two students. Before every tuition, there was a session of worship. We sang songs and had story sessions wherein I told the children stories from the Bible.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">I also worked hard with the Church's sports ministry. We did missionary work by asking people to join us in game. I was in charge of the basketball team. Every week, we rented a court and practised the game. We invited "outsiders" and tried to lead them to Christianity by example. We highlighted the spirit of care and concern and tried to express these virtues as much as we could. In between and after practices, we tried to indoctrinate Christianity to these youths, most of whom were teenagers and young adults.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">The sports ministry's concept is quite practical, not only in Singapore but also in other countries. My church was the first in Singapore to introduce this concept of care and concern.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">While I was still active with the church, I got to know a Muslim whom I tried to talk to about Christianity. She was very sure about the truth of her religion but she did not know how to explain its truth to me. There was no way I could convince her about Christianity. It made me wonder because many Muslims even those who are drug addicts, they are all "dead sure" that Islam is the true religion. I decided to ask my Muslim friend what is so true about her religion that its followers will not renounce it. She did not know how to explain to me but instead told me to get information on Islam from Darul Arqam, the Muslim Converts' Association of Singapore. I agreed to her suggestion even though I regarded Islam as a religion of terrorism and a religion that does not make sense. My reasoning was that if the religion is good, the people will be good. As for Muslims, I knew only a few of them and those that I knew were not "good Muslims." I remember knowing only one good Muslim friend during my junior college days but she did not make any attempt to convey the message of Islam to me. At that time, there were Muslims who had tried to spread the message of Islam to me.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">My family has been against Islam because of what always happened in the Middle East as well as the Malay workers that my father hired, all of whom happened to be lazy and always misbehaved.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">Since I had agreed to visit Darul Arqam, I went on ahead to the Association. On my first visit I attended the orientation class and was introduced to Brother Remy. I was shocked and impressed over two things that he told me. First, he pointed out that Islam is not based on emotion unlike Christianity. I contemplated these words and was surprised at my reaction to those words. Secondly, he said, "Don't convert first, until you ask questions as much as you want and when you have no more questions to ask, then only convert." In Christianity, you cannot ask questions because the more questions you ask the more confused you become.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">After highlighting those two points, Brother Remy recommended to the Orientation class the book, "Islam in Focus". I was shocked at what I found in the book. Some issues which I felt was not logical in Christianity but had no way to resolve them, I found the answers in this book. I was also shocked to find in the book what I believed and like about Buddhism are actually Islamic beliefs. There are many similarities in the principles in the principles of Buddhism with that of Islam.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">The following week I went back to Darul Arqam to attend the beginners' class and the class was half way through the Pillars of Islam. I found the class boring and only attended one to two more lessons but gave up the class. Thereafter, I bought two more books on Islam - "The Choice, Islam and Christianity" by Ahmed Deedat and "The Basis of Muslim Belief" by Gary Miller. I was really impressed by both books. I met Brother Remy again and he introduced me to Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail who discussed Islam with me for a few weeks. Whatever questions that were posed to me about Christianity which I could not handle, I would list all those questions and pose it back to my church and the Singapore Bible College. I was put in a very difficult position because I could not accept either my church or the Bible College's answers to the questions. If I had accepted their answers r reasoning it would like dishonouring God. For example, when I tried to discuss the contradictions in the Bible, all they could tell me was that these are minor contradictions or minor mistakes or copying error. I had to do alot of my own research on those questions posed by Darul Arqam. The most devastating part of my research was on the church history. The church history itself highlighted the fact that the concept of Trinity was introduced in 325 A.D. which was 325 years after the "death" of Christ. Before that, there were different doctrines and all the doctrines were different from one another.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">Since I got alot more information from Islamic sources on Christianity, I was not satisfied. What I found out about Christianity from the Islamic sources, I checked with various encyclopedias and other different sources. I found that all the information I got from the Islamic sources were genuine facts.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">When I took a closer look (closer than I ever did before) at the prophecy, "the spirit of the truth will come and lead people to all truth," I could clearly see that this prophecy was referring to Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) and his message. This prophecy did not point out to Jesus (a.s.) because the early Christians could not decide on the identity of Christ. To this date they are still arguing regarding the identity of Christ.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">During my study on Islam, I also tried to learn about Islam from Christian books and I found them to be malicious. With the knowledge I have on Islam, I could refute all the false claims made by Christians. One example is the claim that they made about God in Islam - "that of being seen as so far away and cannot be reconciled with His creations." I know this is not true because in Islam, God is close to His creation, as close as to a person's jugular vein. "It was We who created man, and We know that dark suggestions his soul makes to him: for We are nearer to him than (his) jugular vein." (The Holy Quran, [50:16])</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">The Christians also claimed that Allah lacked lovable qualities. I do not know how the Christians can make such a claim when saying the "<em>Basmallah</em>" (In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, The Most Merciful) is very much part of a Muslim daily routine. In addition, the 99 names of Allah highlight the many loving and caring attributes of God in Islam. I had to reject all the claims that the Christians made against Islam because I had to be fair to myself. They are all from the evangelical point of view and I had to regard them as lies.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">I then read "Muhammad in the Bible" and "The Gospel of Thomas". By now, I had had too many shocks. The "Dead Sea Scrolls" made a final impact on my Christian belief. I tried but found no reason to remain a Christian. I saw all the falsehood I did not expect to see about Christianity. I had carefully checked every way I could in case I was wrong but there was nothing left to check.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">I continued to learn about Islam from the Quran and other books as well as the various Muslim teachers who strive to guide me towards the true path.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">One day, Ustaz Zhulkeflee asked me, "When are you going to convert?" I was speechless. I thought about it over and over again and could not find one single reason not to embrace Islam. Thereafter, I decided to embrace Islam, the true religion.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">Initially, my family did not take my conversion seriously, They though I had embraced Islam only in namesake and would still continue to eat pork and lead a non-Muslim lifestyle.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">Later on, when my family found out that I was a practising Muslim, there was chaos. It became more chaotic when I observed fasting during the month of Ramadan. I was almost driven out of my house. The situation at home continued to be strained for several months thereafter. I did not eat at home. I was accused of not loving my family anymore. There were constant quarrels between my family and I. I tried to explain Islam to them but they just did not understand.</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">I grew afraid to go home. I stayed out late at night. One day, my mother approached me and told me not to be out so late at night. She said my father had expressed concern about my late nights. She suggested that I buy my own food and she would cook separately for me. Now, most of the time my family and I eat halal food at home. It is more convenient for my mum to cook dishes where not only my family members can eat but also her Muslim son. Situation at home has improved for the better except for the occasional harmless nagging that I get from my family. Alhamdulillah.</span></p><p align="justify"></strong> </p><p><br />-----------------------------------------------------------</p>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-38471919599402360482008-12-19T00:25:00.000-08:002008-12-19T00:40:05.624-08:00POWERPOINT - DOCUMENTARY RECORD]: Plan for PERGAS move to Wismah Indah in 1999 - role for Islamic Da'wah & Educational Training Institute in Singapore<strong>Prepared and presented by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (then an Executive Officer, Research & Development)to its President & management in 1999, prior to PERGAS shift from Playfair school to WISMA INDAH Changi Road.</strong><br /><br /><br /><div id="__ss_859123" style="WIDTH: 425px; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><a title="Indah1" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 12px 0px 3px; FONT: 14px Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; TEXT-DECORATION: underline" href="http://www.slideshare.net/zhulkeflee/indah1-presentation?type=powerpoint">Indah1</a><object style="MARGIN: 0px" height="355" width="425"><param name="movie" value="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=indah1-1229674404427443-2&rel=0&stripped_title=indah1-presentation"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"><embed src="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=indah1-1229674404427443-2&rel=0&stripped_title=indah1-presentation" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="355"></embed></object><div style="FONT-SIZE: 11px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma,arial; HEIGHT: 26px">View SlideShare <a title="View Indah1 on SlideShare" style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline" href="http://www.slideshare.net/zhulkeflee/indah1-presentation?type=powerpoint">presentation</a> or <a style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline" href="http://www.slideshare.net/upload?type=powerpoint">Upload</a> your own. (tags: <a style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline" href="http://slideshare.net/tag/ustaz">ustaz</a> <a style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline" href="http://slideshare.net/tag/zhulkeflee">zhulkeflee</a>)</div></div><br /><br /><strong>Same as above, but is the original powerpoint in Malay.</strong><br /><br /><br /><div id="__ss_859124" style="WIDTH: 425px; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><a title="Indah2" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 12px 0px 3px; FONT: 14px Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; TEXT-DECORATION: underline" href="http://www.slideshare.net/zhulkeflee/indah2-presentation?type=powerpoint">Indah2</a><object style="MARGIN: 0px" height="355" width="425"><param name="movie" value="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=indah2-1229674589628856-1&rel=0&stripped_title=indah2-presentation"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"><embed src="http://static.slideshare.net/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=indah2-1229674589628856-1&rel=0&stripped_title=indah2-presentation" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="355"></embed></object><div style="FONT-SIZE: 11px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma,arial; HEIGHT: 26px">View SlideShare <a title="View Indah2 on SlideShare" style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline" href="http://www.slideshare.net/zhulkeflee/indah2-presentation?type=powerpoint">presentation</a> or <a style="TEXT-DECORATION: underline" href="http://www.slideshare.net/upload?type=powerpoint">Upload</a> your own.</div></div><br /><br /><br />-----------------------------------------------Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-70300566671638162342008-11-21T02:16:00.000-08:002008-11-21T02:29:11.597-08:00(POWERPOINT) "Hajj & Umrah course in English" - course material / template & curriculum<a title="View HAJJ – Pilgrimage to Scribd) document on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/8003976/HAJJ-Pilgrimage-to-Scribd" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">HAJJ – Pilgrimage to Scribd)</a> <object codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0" id="doc_517823213842510" name="doc_517823213842510" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"> <param name="movie" value="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=8003976&access_key=key-supz49iiywebejxi8f4&page=1&version=1&viewMode="> <param name="quality" value="high"> <param name="play" value="true"> <param name="loop" value="true"> <param name="scale" value="showall"> <param name="wmode" value="opaque"> <param name="devicefont" value="false"> <param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff"> <param name="menu" value="true"> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"> <param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"> <param name="salign" value=""> <embed src="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=8003976&access_key=key-supz49iiywebejxi8f4&page=1&version=1&viewMode=" quality="high" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" play="true" loop="true" scale="showall" wmode="opaque" devicefont="false" bgcolor="#ffffff" name="doc_517823213842510_object" menu="true" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" salign="" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"></embed> </object> <div style="margin: 6px auto 3px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block;"> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/upload" style="text-decoration: underline;">Get your own</a> at Scribd or <a href="http://www.scribd.com/browse" style="text-decoration: underline;">explore</a> others: </div><br /><br /><br /><a title="View HAJJ – Pilgrimage to Makkah 2(Scribd) document on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/8004077/HAJJ-Pilgrimage-to-Makkah-2Scribd" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">HAJJ – Pilgrimage to Makkah 2(Scribd)</a> <object codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0" id="doc_394609983616375" name="doc_394609983616375" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"> <param name="movie" value="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=8004077&access_key=key-2jzexv9ygh2h4xjakg0n&page=1&version=1&viewMode="> <param name="quality" value="high"> <param name="play" value="true"> <param name="loop" value="true"> <param name="scale" value="showall"> <param name="wmode" value="opaque"> <param name="devicefont" value="false"> <param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff"> <param name="menu" value="true"> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"> <param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"> <param name="salign" value=""> <embed src="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=8004077&access_key=key-2jzexv9ygh2h4xjakg0n&page=1&version=1&viewMode=" quality="high" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" play="true" loop="true" scale="showall" wmode="opaque" devicefont="false" bgcolor="#ffffff" name="doc_394609983616375_object" menu="true" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" salign="" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"></embed> </object> <div style="margin: 6px auto 3px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block;"> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/upload" style="text-decoration: underline;">Get your own</a> at Scribd or <a href="http://www.scribd.com/browse" style="text-decoration: underline;">explore</a> others: <a href="http://www.scribd.com/browse?c=33-religion" style="text-decoration: underline;">Religion</a> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/browse?c=37-islam" style="text-decoration: underline;">Islam</a> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/tag/mutawwif" style="text-decoration: underline;">mutawwif</a> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/tag/ustaz%20zhulkeflee" style="text-decoration: underline;">ustaz zhulkeflee</a> </div><br /><br /><br /><a title="View TAWAF&SA'IE document on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/8227090/TAWAFSAIE" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">TAWAF&SA'IE</a> <object codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0" id="doc_85498678075228" name="doc_85498678075228" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"> <param name="movie" value="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=8227090&access_key=key-8oznhzzrcoamapf0zfp&page=1&version=1&viewMode="> <param name="quality" value="high"> <param name="play" value="true"> <param name="loop" value="true"> <param name="scale" value="showall"> <param name="wmode" value="opaque"> <param name="devicefont" value="false"> <param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff"> <param name="menu" value="true"> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"> <param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"> <param name="salign" value=""> <embed src="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=8227090&access_key=key-8oznhzzrcoamapf0zfp&page=1&version=1&viewMode=" quality="high" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" play="true" loop="true" scale="showall" wmode="opaque" devicefont="false" bgcolor="#ffffff" name="doc_85498678075228_object" menu="true" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" salign="" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"></embed> </object> <div style="margin: 6px auto 3px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block;"> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/upload" style="text-decoration: underline;">Get your own</a> at Scribd or <a href="http://www.scribd.com/browse" style="text-decoration: underline;">explore</a> others: </div><br /><br /><br /><a title="View Tawa&Sa'ief(Recommended Dua)Scribd document on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/8227504/TawaSaiefRecommended-DuaScribd" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">Tawa&Sa'ief(Recommended Dua)Scribd</a> <object codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0" id="doc_202021906546649" name="doc_202021906546649" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"> <param name="movie" value="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=8227504&access_key=key-aaiaxy98aoiw88lirqp&page=1&version=1&viewMode="> <param name="quality" value="high"> <param name="play" value="true"> <param name="loop" value="true"> <param name="scale" value="showall"> <param name="wmode" value="opaque"> <param name="devicefont" value="false"> <param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff"> <param name="menu" value="true"> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"> <param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"> <param name="salign" value=""> <embed src="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=8227504&access_key=key-aaiaxy98aoiw88lirqp&page=1&version=1&viewMode=" quality="high" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" play="true" loop="true" scale="showall" wmode="opaque" devicefont="false" bgcolor="#ffffff" name="doc_202021906546649_object" menu="true" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" salign="" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"></embed> </object> <div style="margin: 6px auto 3px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block;"> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/upload" style="text-decoration: underline;">Get your own</a> at Scribd or <a href="http://www.scribd.com/browse" style="text-decoration: underline;">explore</a> others: <a href="http://www.scribd.com/tag/dua" style="text-decoration: underline;">dua</a> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/tag/Umrah" style="text-decoration: underline;">Umrah</a> </div><br /><br /><br /><a title="View Days of the Scribd) document on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/8004999/Days-of-the-Scribd" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">Days of the Scribd)</a> <object codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0" id="doc_192749056384900" name="doc_192749056384900" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"> <param name="movie" value="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=8004999&access_key=key-22fi6fcguf9zkatd4ms1&page=1&version=1&viewMode="> <param name="quality" value="high"> <param name="play" value="true"> <param name="loop" value="true"> <param name="scale" value="showall"> <param name="wmode" value="opaque"> <param name="devicefont" value="false"> <param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff"> <param name="menu" value="true"> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"> <param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"> <param name="salign" value=""> <embed src="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=8004999&access_key=key-22fi6fcguf9zkatd4ms1&page=1&version=1&viewMode=" quality="high" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" play="true" loop="true" scale="showall" wmode="opaque" devicefont="false" bgcolor="#ffffff" name="doc_192749056384900_object" menu="true" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" salign="" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"></embed> </object> <div style="margin: 6px auto 3px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block;"> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/upload" style="text-decoration: underline;">Get your own</a> at Scribd or <a href="http://www.scribd.com/browse" style="text-decoration: underline;">explore</a> others: <a href="http://www.scribd.com/browse?c=33-religion" style="text-decoration: underline;">Religion</a> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/browse?c=37-islam" style="text-decoration: underline;">Islam</a> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/tag/mutawwif" style="text-decoration: underline;">mutawwif</a> <a href="http://www.scribd.com/tag/ustaz%20zhulkeflee" style="text-decoration: underline;">ustaz zhulkeflee</a> </div><br /><br /><strong><span style="color:#ffff33;">VIDEO - A documentary produced by Huda Channel TV</span></strong><br /><br /><object height="349" width="425"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/Z9k_aBocnpI&hl=en&fs=1&color1=0x402061&color2=0x9461ca&border=1"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><br /><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/Z9k_aBocnpI&hl=en&fs=1&color1=0x402061&color2=0x9461ca&border=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="349"></embed></object>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-32111636911101123952008-09-08T01:49:00.000-07:002008-09-08T01:49:33.069-07:00Centre for Contemporary Islamic Studies<a href="http://www.ccis.org.sg/ccis-web/web/T_details.asp?sno=365&ptype=Titles%20(Archived)&art_id=ART00083-2003&pn=1&fout=1">Centre for Contemporary Islamic Studies</a>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-39968909818926856532008-09-08T01:47:00.000-07:002008-09-08T01:47:33.930-07:00Union of Catholic Asian News » News Archive » MUSLIM GROUPS OPPOSE ATTACK ON IRAQ 'ON HUMANITARIAN GROUNDS'<a href="http://www.ucanews.com/2002/10/09/muslim-groups-oppose-attack-on-iraq-on-humanitarian-grounds/">Union of Catholic Asian News » News Archive » MUSLIM GROUPS OPPOSE ATTACK ON IRAQ 'ON HUMANITARIAN GROUNDS'</a>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-83501917736324577262008-08-17T01:19:00.000-07:002008-10-10T18:25:13.531-07:00"ISLAM: A Brief Introduction" (orientation to Islam powerpoint template)<object id="doc_571984900854670" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=" height="500" width="100%" align="middle" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" name="doc_571984900854670"><param name="_cx" value="17965"><param name="_cy" value="13229"><param name="FlashVars" value=""><param name="Movie" value="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=4825496&access_key=key-1h23sbli34fihe5lw1w2&page=&version=1&auto_size=true"><param name="Src" value="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=4825496&access_key=key-1h23sbli34fihe5lw1w2&page=&version=1&auto_size=true"><param name="WMode" value="Opaque"><param name="Play" value="0"><param name="Loop" value="-1"><param name="Quality" value="High"><param name="SAlign" value="LT"><param name="Menu" value="-1"><param name="Base" value=""><param name="AllowScriptAccess" value="always"><param name="Scale" value="NoScale"><param name="DeviceFont" value="0"><param name="EmbedMovie" value="0"><param name="BGColor" value="FFFFFF"><param name="SWRemote" value=""><param name="MovieData" value=""><param name="SeamlessTabbing" value="1"><param name="Profile" value="0"><param name="ProfileAddress" value=""><param name="ProfilePort" value="0"><param name="AllowNetworking" value="all"><param name="AllowFullScreen" value="true"><br /> <embed src="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=4825496&access_key=key-1h23sbli34fihe5lw1w2&page=&version=1&auto_size=true" quality="high" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" play="true" loop="true" scale="showall" wmode="opaque" devicefont="false" bgcolor="#ffffff" name="doc_571984900854670_object" menu="true" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" salign="" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"></embed> </object><div style="FONT-SIZE: 10px; WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center"><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/4825496/Islam-a-Brief-introduction-orientation">Islam -a Brief introduction (orientation)</a> - <a href="http://www.scribd.com/upload">Upload a Document to Scribd</a></div><div style="DISPLAY: none">Read this document on Scribd: <a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/4825496/Islam-a-Brief-introduction-orientation">Islam -a Brief introduction (orientation)</a> </div><div style="DISPLAY: none"></div><div style="DISPLAY: none"></div><div style="DISPLAY: none"></div><div style="DISPLAY: none"><param name="movie" value=""><div style="DISPLAY: none"></div><div style="DISPLAY: none"></div><div style="DISPLAY: none"></div><div style="DISPLAY: none"> </div><div style="DISPLAY: none">----------------------------------------------------------------------------</div><div style="DISPLAY: none"> </div><div style="DISPLAY: none"> </div><div style="DISPLAY: none"> </div></div>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-44972697368395864832008-08-16T23:44:00.000-07:002008-08-16T23:46:51.688-07:00“Bringing up our Young as Muslims in the present age” – its challenges and our responsibilities”<object id="doc_715222786718466" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=" height="500" width="100%" align="middle" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" name="doc_715222786718466"><param name="_cx" value="17965"><param name="_cy" value="13229"><param name="FlashVars" value=""><param name="Movie" value="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=4823689&access_key=key-yczq0zk8r8gaq02wowo&page=&version=1&auto_size=true"><param name="Src" value="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=4823689&access_key=key-yczq0zk8r8gaq02wowo&page=&version=1&auto_size=true"><param name="WMode" value="Opaque"><param name="Play" value="0"><param name="Loop" value="-1"><param name="Quality" value="High"><param name="SAlign" value="LT"><param name="Menu" value="-1"><param name="Base" value=""><param name="AllowScriptAccess" value="always"><param name="Scale" value="NoScale"><param name="DeviceFont" value="0"><param name="EmbedMovie" value="0"><param name="BGColor" value="FFFFFF"><param name="SWRemote" value=""><param name="MovieData" value=""><param name="SeamlessTabbing" value="1"><param name="Profile" value="0"><param name="ProfileAddress" value=""><param name="ProfilePort" value="0"><param name="AllowNetworking" value="all"><param name="AllowFullScreen" value="true"><br /> <embed src="http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=4823689&access_key=key-yczq0zk8r8gaq02wowo&page=&version=1&auto_size=true" quality="high" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" play="true" loop="true" scale="showall" wmode="opaque" devicefont="false" bgcolor="#ffffff" name="doc_715222786718466_object" menu="true" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" salign="" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" align="middle" height="500" width="100%"></embed> </object><div style="FONT-SIZE: 10px; WIDTH: 100%; TEXT-ALIGN: center"><a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/4823689/Bringing-up-our-Young-as-Muslims2008">Bringing up our Young as Muslims(2008)</a> - <a href="http://www.scribd.com/upload">Upload a Document to Scribd</a></div><div style="DISPLAY: none">Read this document on Scribd: <a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/4823689/Bringing-up-our-Young-as-Muslims2008">Bringing up our Young as Muslims(2008)</a> </div>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-65560098283328514652008-05-22T06:39:00.000-07:002008-09-18T01:58:00.104-07:00MISSIONARY ISLAM<div align="right"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#999999;"><strong><em>FROM THE DESK OF USTAZ ZHULKEFLEE</em></strong></span></div><p align="center"><br /><br /><strong>------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</strong><br /><strong></strong><br /></p><div align="justify"><strong><span style="color:#993399;">Throughout history books written by western authors, we learnt that Islam was spread by the sword. Whenever we flip through the newspapers today, we are reported that Muslims hold people at gunpoint. Bro Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail presents us the true peaceful, but difficult task of missionary work.</span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="color:#993399;"></span></strong></div><div align="center"><strong><span style="color:#000000;">------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">INTRODUCTION… “A glimpse of the glorious past”</span><br /></div></strong><div align="justify"><strong><br />In the 5th and 6th century, the then civilised world stood on the verge of chaos. The great civilisation, which had evolved through a period of 4000 years, was on the brink of disintegration and mankind was likely to return to the condition of barbarism; where every tribe and sect was against the next. Law and order was absent but oppression, injustice and immorality prevailed. It seemed that all had abandoned the principles of their religion to indulge in never-ending wrangling upon dogmas of secondary importance. We could see that they have lost sight of the most essential point of the religious doctrines—the pure and true worship (servitude) to God. Historians called this age in history of the human civilisation as –THE DARK AGES.<br /></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br />But Allah, the Most Compassionate and Most Merciful, has never left Man to be without guidance and light. By His Grace and Mercy, He has always repeatedly sent prophets and messengers to ensure that the path of TRUTH is shown for mankind. It was during this period that somewhere in Arabia, He sent our Blessed Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. — the last of the line of messengers of Allah for mankind, the messenger for the whole universe.</strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br />From the revelations that Prophet Muhammad s.a.w received, he came to subvert superstitions which had been interposed between Man and his Creator, to purify the understanding of mankind with regard to god and purged them of all falsehood; to restore the rational and sacred ideal of divinity amidst the chaos of the material and disfigured gods of idolatry then existing. To remove oppression and establish justice, to save mankind and its civilisation form the brink of disintegration, to remove the veil of darkness of ignorance and to bring the light. For he was sent to establish the Religion of Truth, the way to peace—the original way of life that was meant to be for mankind since his existence; the natural same way of life of submission and obedience to the Creator, as revealed to the earlier prophets. He was the final Messenger that came to confirm the earlier message and to bring this way of life into perfection and completion, and establish it over all other ways. To remove the yoke that Man has put upon them and to forever provide the ever-shining light of Truth that is clearly distinct from falsehood.</strong></div><strong><div align="center"><br /><br /><span style="color:#006600;"><span style="font-size:130%;">هُوَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَرۡسَلَ رَسُولَهُ ۥ بِٱلۡهُدَىٰ وَدِينِ ٱلۡحَقِّ لِيُظۡهِرَهُ ۥ عَلَى ٱلدِّينِ كُلِّهِۦ وَلَوۡ كَرِهَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكُونَ</span><br /><br /></div><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><em>“It is He (Allah) who has sent His Apostle (Muhammad s.a.w.) With Guidance, the religion of Truth—that he may proclaim (establish) it all over religions. Even though the pagans may detest it”. —</em></p><p align="right"><em>(Qur'an: As- Saff: 9)<br /></p></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></em></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br />Within a period of 23 years of his mission, with Guidance and the Revelation from Allah, he indeed has established this Way of Life; based on Tauhid—the Faith and true attestation to the Oneness of Allah, the way of life of submission and obedience to Allah (Islam) over Arabia. Indeed the Truth which this religion represents came to be established over all falsehood; and within his lifetime was fulfilled the completion and perfection of this Deen—as confirmed by Allah in one of the last verse revealed to the Prophet s.a.w. in Arafah.</strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="center"><strong><br /><span style="color:#006600;"><span style="font-size:130%;">ٱلۡيَوۡمَ أَكۡمَلۡتُ لَكُمۡ دِينَكُمۡ وَأَتۡمَمۡتُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ نِعۡمَتِى وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ ٱلۡإِسۡلَـٰمَ دِينً۬اۚ</span><br /><br /></div><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><em>“This day I have perfected your way of life (DEEN) for you, completed My favours upon you and have chosen (and accepted) AL-Islam as your way of life (DEEN)” –</em></p><p align="right"><em>(Qur'an:Al-Ma’idah:4)</em></p></blockquote></em></span></strong><p><strong></strong></p><p align="justify"><strong><br />From its very inception, Islam was a missionary religion meant for all mankind, for Muhammad s.a.w. was not just a messenger to the Arabs but he was the Universal Blessing. Amongst the characteristics in Allah’s messenger Muhammad s.a.w. was that of <em>TABLIGH</em> (conveying) and that every message he received was disseminated to all around him—and that he charged his companions to convey them to others. This legacy was carried out and within a few decades, the Light of Islam soon spread far and wide. From India to Spain, the brilliant civilisation of Islam flourished. Springing from a land and people previously negligible, Islam spread within a century over half of the earth, shattering great empires, overthrowing long established systems, removing all man-made discriminations and directing and uniting them toward the servitude to only God, remoulding the souls of races and building up a truly universal and cosmopolitan civilisation, a whole new world – the world of Islam.</strong></p><strong><div align="justify"><br /><br />Thus it was that Western historians themselves have to concede that during the Dark Ages, the Light was kindled and kept ablaze in Arabia. The Muslims were the torchbearers of Knowledge and civilisation and it is admitted that the present ‘modern era’ owes an incalculable debt to the Legacy of Allah’s Last Messenger Muhammad ibn Abdullah s.a.w., after whom there will be no other prophet.</strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">PEACEFUL PROSELYTIZATION</span><br /></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br />Some people have the mistaken idea that the spread of Islam was due to the use of force. Even western historians have now exposed this fallacy as false and it was admitted that this myth stemmed from biased attitude towards this young religion, aggravated by years of Crusading.<br /></div></strong><div align="justify"><strong><br />In the words of De Lacy O’Leary in his book “<em>Islam at the Crossroad</em>”—“… History makes it clear, however, that the legend of fanatical Muslims sweeping through the world and forcing Islam at the point of the sword upon conquered races—is the most fanatically absurd myths that historians have ever repeated!”<br /></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br />The real strength of Islam is TRUTH itself that it came to establish. The Qur’anic injunction clearly forbids the use of force, in no uncertain terms in an explicit verse:</strong></div><div align="center"><strong><br /><span style="color:#006600;"><span style="font-size:130%;">لَآ إِكۡرَاهَ فِى ٱلدِّينِۖ قَد تَّبَيَّنَ ٱلرُّشۡدُ مِنَ ٱلۡغَىِّۚ</span><br /></div></span></strong><strong><div align="justify"><br /></div><span style="color:#006600;"><em><blockquote><span style="color:#006600;"><em>“Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands<br />clear from Error.”—(Qur'an: Al-Baqarah: 256)</em></span></blockquote></em></span></strong><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br />TRUTH that Islam represents was very much manifested in the early Muslims’ life and people were drawn to Islam because of it. They were attracted to the wisdom and knowledge that the Muslims brought and they could see the justice and order in the society it established. And the truth and simplicity of the Message of Islam presented to them was probably the main factor for many conversions, as it offered them the alternative to free themselves from the darkness and to accept the Light—for that was the comparison.</strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">ISLAM SPREAD TO SOUTHEAST ASIA</span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br />The rapidity in which Islam spread to this region, the Malay Archipelago, was phenomenal. The task performed by the early Muslims was so effective that today, practically all Malays are considered Muslims. It was not through conquest or crusading expedition, nor was there a systematic programme of missionary organisations but rather it was through dedication and the zealousness of the early Muslims. They were the traders, settlers, the ordinary people who sincerely believed the Truth of Islam and their strong desire and realisation of their duty to convey and share this Truth with all mankind, as enjoined by Islam. They were the “<em>da’is</em>” in whatever capacity that they were capable of. Even if they could not talk about Islam, their lifestyle itself was a portrayal of Islamic teachings, which drew respect and admiration—thereby attracting the local natives to Islam. A sense of duty in them to be witnessed over all overwhelmed this region, as commanded by Allah: </strong></div><strong><div align="center"><br /><br /><span style="color:#006600;"><span style="font-size:130%;">وَكَذَٲلِكَ جَعَلۡنَـٰكُمۡ أُمَّةً۬ وَسَطً۬ا لِّتَڪُونُواْ شُہَدَآءَ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ وَيَكُونَ ٱلرَّسُولُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ شَهِيدً۬اۗ</span><br /></span></strong></div><strong><span style="color:#006600;"><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><strong><span style="color:#006600;"><em>“Thus have We made of you an Ummah justly balanced, that ye might be witnesses over nations, and the Apostle a witness over yourselves”—</em></span></strong></p><p align="right"><strong><span style="color:#006600;"><em>(Qur'an: Al-Baqarah: 143)</em></span></strong></p></blockquote></em></span></strong><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">LINGUA FRANCA</span></strong></p><strong><div align="center"><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#006600;">وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن رَّسُولٍ إِلَّا بِلِسَانِ قَوۡمِهِۦ لِيُبَيِّنَ لَهُمۡۖ<br /><br /></div></span><em><span style="color:#006600;"><blockquote><p><em><span style="color:#006600;">“And We did not send any Apostle but with the language of his people, so that he might clearly explain to them clearly.”- </span></em></p><p align="right"><em><span style="color:#006600;">(Qur'an: Ibrahim: 4)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em></strong><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br />Mastery in the language of the people was another factor in their success. The ‘<em>lingua franca’</em> (a language by which people of different dialect communicate) of commerce in this region was the Riau Malay. The early Muslims lost no time in learning it and the use of this language proved advantageous, as all the different Malay tribal and dialect groups in this Archipelago commonly understood it. (In our present context, we must learn from this experience and recognise the importance of language proficiency.)</strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">DOLDRUM AND POLARISATION</span><br /></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong>During and after the colonial era, the situation changed. Great influx of immigrant settled in this region and from the British, the legacy of the English language took over the importance amongst the people and became identified as the language for modernisation. Yet the Muslims failed to realise this and the spread of the message of Islam enters into a period of doldrums. Its teachings and message tend to be restricted only amongst the Malay-speaking and Tamil-speaking population. The misconception that Islam is a Malay religion began to emerge thereby worsening the cause of its propagation amongst the non-Malay speaking mass. The wider meaning of “<em>da’wah</em>” became restrictive as only to improving the lot of the Muslims and the task of spreading Islam to all people were almost forgotten. Added to that we are faced with further challenges, which require a great deal of efforts, not by individuals but we should face them with unified thoughts and strength. Surely every one of us has a role to contribute towards the betterment of the <em>Ummah</em>.</strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">FURTHER CHALLENGES…(Amongst many others)</span></strong></div><strong><ul><li><div align="justify">Muslim community became insular, worsened by internal bickering on petty issues, and their vision of Islam tends to be narrow and limited—tendency towards regarding Islam as a mere heritage, sometimes even lulled into complacency.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Secularism began to infiltrate the minds of many Muslims, which gradually eroded their understanding of Islam as a total way of life. </div></li><li><div align="justify">The impact of modernism, materialism and western culture left many Muslims in a dilemma: not able to withstand the cultural shock, many are losing their Islamic identity.</div></li><li><div align="justify">From every corner they are bombarded by destructive values that pulled them away from Islam through the mass media, i.e. TV, radio, papers, magazines, publications, pop culture, advertisements, etc.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Due to urban development, the social fabric of the Muslim community which has infused a strong sense of identity were broken up thereby they are now more vulnerable to further erosion of their Islamic values.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Further, they are now exposed to the concerted effort of Christian Evangelism, which make no secret of their bold plan of christening this region. </div></li><li><div align="justify">The system of imparting Islamic knowledge through the Madrasah had suffered a great deal, mostly from neglect as well as from ‘pragmatic’ considerations. Generally Islamic studies amongst the masses, (although recognised as important by the Muslims), were in practice not studied with the same seriousness as other subjects taught in formal school. Its wide and all encompassing nature were reduced to only a few topics, thereby limiting the understanding of the Muslims towards Islam itself.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Misconceptions about Islam amongst Muslims now are quite common especially due to ignorance. This is further aggravated by the inability of some religious teachers to provide convincing and relevant explanations to questions from the younger generations of Muslims who have a wider exposure through their formal (western) education.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Spirit of <em>Jihad</em> (striving with the utmost in Allah’s way) was absent or has been misunderstood even by the Muslims. Some equated it only as war and considers it unmentionable, whereas Christians are proud to use terms like ‘Crusade’ etc.</strong></div></li></ul><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">AT THE CROSSROAD— QUO VADIS?</span></strong></p><div align="center"><strong><br /><br /><br /><span style="color:#006600;"><span style="font-size:130%;">يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلۡمُدَّثِّرُ قُمۡ فَأَنذِرۡ وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرۡ وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرۡ وَٱلرُّجۡزَ فَٱهۡجُرۡ وَلَا تَمۡنُن تَسۡتَكۡثِرُ وَلِرَبِّكَ فَٱصۡبِرۡ</span><br /></span><br /><br /></div><span style="color:#006600;"><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="color:#006600;"><em>“O Thou wrapped up in a mantle arise and deliver thy warning and Thy Lord do thou magnify and keep thy garments free from stain and all abomination shun nor expect, in giving, any increase for thyself but for thy lord’s Cause, be patient and consistent”—</em></span></p><p align="right"><span style="color:#006600;"><em>(Qur'an: Al-Muddathir: 1-7)</em></span></p></blockquote></em></span></strong><p><strong></strong></p><p align="justify"><strong><br />Historically, the early Muslims were heading towards great achievements and success when they were charged with the spirit of Jihad, da’wah, and Tabligh in their life but due to circumstances mentioned, we became insulated and lost the zest and zeal. Many became complacent and ignorant of Islam itself. Religion, which in Islam means a total commitment, became secularised. Whatever zeal remaining was limited to speeches on “mimbars” or during ‘ceramahs”. The task of conveying the message of Islam, which is the duty of every Muslims—in whatever capacity and whenever possible—now was discarded by the majority of Muslims and left to the “<em>Assaatizah</em>” and the “<em>Ulama</em>”(teachers and scholars). This attitude became indifferent towards this task and thus the ‘ummah” suffers.<br /></strong></p><strong><div align="justify"><br />Whereas people of the other religion i.e. Christians are fully committed to evangelise the whole of this region—as compared to them, Muslims today are still sleeping or just re-awakening. Looking back at our glorious past may be quite consoling. But let it not console us to complacency—for there is a great task ahead to be performed. Let us awaken ourselves and our fellow Muslims from this slumber, which is long overdue. Do we still want to carry on sleeping? Do we still want to be complacent and regard our religion just merely as a sentimental heirloom without utilising its potential? Do we not feel that we are duty bound as members of the Ummah to strive towards what Allah wants us to do? Have we not seen the weaknesses of our community and not felt the urge to do something to correct them? We should each ask ourselves as to what we have done. Do we want to let ourselves ruined? If we look at their history, we would be proud of them, but would they be proud of us? Where have we placed the slogan “<em>AL-AMRU BIL MA’-RUF WA YAN HAU- ’ANIL MUNKAR</em>!”? and do not simply be concerned only with improving our lot but we must also strive to invite all towards Islam.</strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br />The time is now for us to act. We have to re-discover the beauty and truth of Islam. The way is to do da’wah and we should heed the warning as summed up in <em><span style="color:#006600;">Surah Al-Asr</span></em> and not end up as losers; </strong></div><p><strong></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><br /><span style="color:#006600;"><span style="font-size:130%;">وَٱلۡعَصۡرِ إِنَّ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنَ لَفِى خُسۡرٍ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ وَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِٱلصَّبۡرِ</span><br /></span><br /><br /></p><span style="color:#006600;"><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="color:#006600;"><em>“by (the token of time) through the Ages verily man is in loss except such as have faith and do righteous deeds and join together in mutual teaching of Truth, and of Patience and Constancy.”</em></span></p><p align="right">(Qur'an: al-'Asr: 1-4)</p></blockquote></em></span></strong><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br />We must heed the warnings of Allah and his Messenger: </strong></div><div align="center"><strong></strong></div><div align="center"><strong><br /><span style="color:#003333;"><span style="font-size:130%;">وَٱتَّقُواْ فِتۡنَةً۬ لَّا تُصِيبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنكُمۡ خَآصَّةً۬ۖ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ</span><br /></span></strong></div><strong><span style="color:#003333;"><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><strong><span style="color:#003333;"><em>"And fear ye tumult and oppression which affects not in particular only those of you who do wrong; and know that Allah is strict in punishment.”—</em></span></strong></p><p align="right"><strong><span style="color:#003333;"><em>(Qur'an: Al-Anfal: 25)</em></span></strong></p></blockquote></em></span></strong><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br />Abu Bakr Siddiq r.a. reported that the Prophet said: <em><span style="color:#009900;">“ when other people see anything abominable and then do not change it, it is near that Allah will overtake them all with His punishment.”—(Hadith narrated by Ibnu majah and Tirmizi)</span></em><br /></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br />Perhaps, some of the things that have befallen us could be due to this complacent attitudes towards the task of Da’wah. Yet, Praise to be to Allah Who has made us realise this and therefore let those who are present here convey this message to those who are absent.<br /></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br />Let us carry on this Amanah (Trust) of Da’wah and in doing so InsyaAllah, we will be ensuring the betterment for the Ummah. We have to begin with ourselves, our kith and kins and whomsoever we know. And do not have the mistaken notion of waiting until all the Muslims are perfect to start conveying the message to the non-Muslims. Remember there are many sincere seekers of truth amongst them and that history has shown that those who are sincere will accept the Truth of Islam. It is our duty to convey it to them as best as we can, to seriously carry out the Prophet’s injunction: <span style="color:#009900;">“Convey from me even if it be one <em>ayah</em>(sign)”</span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><br /><br />The task is long and arduous, but the important thing is that every one of us must realise and be involved in doing this. In doing so itself is one accomplishment, for no matter what if the journey takes us thousands of kilometres, it is always begins with the first step. This is the way of success as commanded by Allah:</strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="center"><strong><br /><span style="color:#006600;">وَ<span style="font-size:130%;">لۡتَكُن مِّنكُمۡ أُمَّةٌ۬ يَدۡعُونَ إِلَى ٱلۡخَيۡرِ وَيَأۡمُرُونَ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَيَنۡهَوۡنَ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِۚ وَأُوْلَـٰٓٮِٕكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ<br /></span></div></span></strong><strong><span style="color:#006600;"><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><strong><span style="color:#006600;"><em>“let there arise out of you a band of people, inviting to all that is good. Enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong. They are the ones to attain felicity (success).” </em></span></strong></p><p align="right"><strong><span style="color:#006600;"><em>(Qur'an: Aal-Imran: 104)</em></span></strong></p></blockquote></em></span><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br />And remember…</strong></div><div align="center"><strong><br /><span style="color:#006600;"><span style="font-size:130%;">وَمَنۡ أَحۡسَنُ قَوۡلاً۬ مِّمَّن دَعَآ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَعَمِلَ صَـٰلِحً۬ا وَقَالَ إِنَّنِى مِنَ ٱلۡمُسۡلِمِينَ</span><br /></div></span></strong><strong><span style="color:#006600;"><blockquote><strong><span style="color:#006600;"><p><br /><em>“Who is better in speech than one who calls (man) to Allah, works righteousness and say ‘I am of those who bow in Islam.”—</em></p><p align="right"><em>(Qur'an: Fussilat:33)</em></span></strong></p></blockquote></span></strong><div align="justify"><strong><br />We have to strengthen our resolve and put our efforts towards it. Not forgetting that in this work there sure many trials and tribulations and therefore we must always put our hopes and trust in Allah through prayers and patience (and constancy).</strong></div><div align="center"><strong><br /><span style="color:#006600;"><br />وَلَنَبۡلُوَنَّكُمۡ حَتَّىٰ نَعۡلَمَ ٱلۡمُجَـٰهِدِينَ مِنكُمۡ وَٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ وَنَبۡلُوَاْ أَخۡبَارَكُمۡ</span></strong></div><strong><span style="color:#006600;"><em><blockquote><strong><span style="color:#006600;"><em><p align="justify"><br />“And We shall try you until We test those amongst you who strive with their utmost, and persevere in patience and We shall try your reported (mettle).”—</p><p align="right">(Qur'an: Muhammad: 31)</em></span></strong></p></blockquote></em></span></strong><div align="right"><strong><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#003333;">أَحَسِبَ ٱلنَّاسُ أَن يُتۡرَكُوٓاْ أَن يَقُولُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَهُمۡ لَا يُفۡتَنُونَ وَلَقَدۡ فَتَنَّا ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۖ فَلَيَعۡلَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ صَدَقُواْ وَلَيَعۡلَمَنَّ ٱلۡكَـٰذِبِينَ</span><br /></div></strong><strong><div align="justify"><br /><em><span style="color:#006600;"><blockquote><p><em><span style="color:#006600;">“Do men think that they will be left alone on saying ‘We believe’, and that they will not be tested? We did test those before them, and Allah will certainly know those who are true and those who are false.”—</span></em></p><p align="right"><em><span style="color:#006600;">(Qur'an: Ankabut: 2-3)</span></em> </p></blockquote></span></em></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong>WaAllaahu a'lam</strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong></div><div align="center"><strong>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</strong></div>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-88716583770435006772008-05-21T22:38:00.000-07:002008-05-22T19:47:40.679-07:00SHOULD THERE BE LEGISLATION ON MISSIONARY WORK?<div align="right"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#666666;"><strong><em>FROM THE DESK OF USTAZ ZHULKEFLEE</em></strong></span></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><span style="color:#ff0000;">-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></div><div align="justify"><br /><strong><span style="color:#cc0000;">The Trade and Industry Minister Lee Hsien Loong announced at a seminar on 30 April 1989 that the Government is considering drafting a law to ensure that Singapore’s religious harmony is preserved, in response to increasing evangelical zeal amongst various religious groups. However, the decision will only be made after due consultation has been made with various religious leaders. Bro. Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail, a religious teacher at "The Muslim Converts’ Association, Singapore" tells The Muslim Reader of what he think of the proposal.</span></strong></div><p><strong><span style="color:#cc0000;"></span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="color:#cc0000;">-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p><div align="center"><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><span style="color:#003333;">بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ</span><br /></span><span style="color:#003300;"><span style="font-size:180%;"><br /><br />لَآ إِكۡرَاهَ فِى ٱلدِّينِۖ قَد تَّبَيَّنَ ٱلرُّشۡدُ مِنَ ٱلۡغَىِّۚ فَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بِٱلطَّـٰغُوتِ وَيُؤۡمِنۢ بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدِ ٱسۡتَمۡسَكَ بِٱلۡعُرۡوَةِ ٱلۡوُثۡقَىٰ لَا ٱنفِصَامَ لَهَاۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ<br /></span><br /></span><br /></div><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:130%;color:#003300;"><em>Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands out clear from error: Whosoever rejects Evil and believes in Allah has grasped the trustworthiest handhold that never breaks. And Allah hears and knows all things.<br />(Qur’an: Surah Al-Baqarah: 2: 256)</em></span></p><p align="justify"><em><span style="font-size:130%;"></span></em></p><p align="justify"><em><span style="font-size:130%;"></span></em></p><p align="justify"></span></span><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;">Islam recognizes and values the inherent rational faculty bestowed upon each individual and that in the choice given upon men, he should sincerely strive towards the truth. And in the matters of accepting a religion no one should be subjected to any form of compulsion or coercion.</span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><br />It is profound principle, which Islam, from its very inception strives to establish so as to elevate the ranks of mankind towards being sincere Truth seekers- the ultimate Truth is in the Reality of One God. Islam has always recognized that there has all along been one religion revealed for mankind and that the subsequent coming of the last Prophet and messenger Muhammad (s.a.w.) does not invalidate the Truth brought by those other prophets before, but rather it substantiates the fact that Truth is universal and each succeeding prophet served to preserve this Truth and to purge man’s understanding of it from all corruptions, as well as to further illuminate Truth according to the need of time.<br /><br />Mankind was one single nation and Allah sent Messengers with glad tidings and warnings; and with them He sent the Book in Truth, to judge between people in matters wherein they differed; but the people of the Book, after sign came to them did not differ among them, except through selfish contumacy. Allah by His Grace guided the Believers to the Truth, concerning that wherein they differed. For Allah guides whom He wills to a path that is straight.<br /><br />Islam holds the premise that basically man is good and capable of doing good, and that he should be encouraged towards being the best. Yet, man is also exposed to counteractive forces that may undermine his progress towards developing this and Islam therefore exhorts that all forms of compulsion, oppression, coercion and deception should be removed so as to allow man to exercise his natural capacity in the search for the Truth. Thus it has been demonstrated by Islam that there can be peaceful co-existence of people form different faiths as long as inter-religious dialogue is kept open and free of all kinds of compulsion- whether it be direct aggression or subtle deception- for Truth is distinct from error. Islam advocates righteous living as being the foremost way towards inviting mankind to Truth, followed by propagation through discussions and exchanges but it warns that these should neither be not for mere disputations nor does it allow any form of coercion or deception.<br /></span></p><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><span style="color:#000099;">TASAMUH—TOLERANCE</span><br /></span></p><p align="justify"><br />Mutual co-existence can only be established upon the basis of justice and tolerance, but tolerance is something that may mean differently to different people. Perhaps with regard to differences of faith, this would certainly mean forbearance, that is, the recognition of the right of private judgment in the liberty to uphold one’s religious opinions or forms of worship. One should not expect another’s belief to be compromised nor does one compromise one’s own. Each should be left to decide based on sincerity.<br /><br />Yet for the sake of harmonious social co-existence, tolerance should extend further than just merely an attitude of “live and let live”, without regard to the need to understand what the other holds dear because it would only be mere co-existence devoid of respect for each other’s right; one which includes the right to be heard. Thus to tolerate should not be misconstrued as consenting or agreeing to another’s differing views but rather it can be said to be merely an agreement for another’s right to differ.<br /><br />On the other hand, tolerance is not a license to be abused so as to sanction one’s ambition in the name of religion. Islam appeals to devotees of all faiths to rely upon the pristine sources of their particular religion for it recognizes the inherent truth in the original teachings of each religion. It sees the differences only where these pristine teachings are tampered with by innovations that have crept into them and which in due course become institutionalized.<br /><br />Truth is universal and for truth to be perceived, mutual exhortation towards Truth, sincerity and the absence of oppressive or unfair means are necessary conditions. Although the sincerity is left to each individual to determine for himself in whom judgement is ultimately left for the Hereafter, it is in the other conditions that Islam strives to ensure its establishment. And Islam is confident that with the dialogue opened for the mutual exchanges of what each faith holds as the Truth, and without having to resort to coercion or deception, mankind shall be able to arrive at the Truth based on sincerity, without upsetting the harmonious co-existence of the society.<br /><br />Another important point to note is that the Islamic concept of “<em>Tasamuh</em>” or tolerance is not a one-way exercise. Whatever Islam holds out to others is also what it expects in return, because the most essential aspect to this concept is the underlying need for Justice.</p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></span></p></blockquote></blockquote><p><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"></span></p><p><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;">INJUNCTIONS FROM THE QUR’AN AND AS-SUNNAH<br /></span></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><br />Islam is primarily based upon the teachings of the last Messenger Muhammad (s.a.w) which are still available, contained in the Book revealed to him from Allah, called the Qur’an as well as in the records of his <em>Sunnah</em> (traditions or exemplary way). To understand further the stand of Islam, one must refer to these sources and not rely on mere opinions or confuse attitudes of certain Muslims to be representing that of Islam. Let me quote a few relevant examples:</span></p><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><p align="right"><br /><br /><br /><span style="color:#003300;"><span style="font-size:180%;color:#003300;">وَلَا تَسُبُّواْ ٱلَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ فَيَسُبُّواْ ٱللَّهَ عَدۡوَۢا بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٍ۬ۗ كَذَٲلِكَ زَيَّنَّا لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ عَمَلَهُمۡ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّہِم مَّرۡجِعُهُمۡ فَيُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ<br /></p></span></span></span><p align="right"><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><span style="color:#003300;"><br /><br /></p><blockquote><p align="justify"><em>Revile not ye those unto whom they pray beside Allah, lest they out of spite revile Allah in their ignorance. Thus We have made alluring to each people in his or her ignorance. In the end will they return to their Lord, And We shall then tell them the Truth of all that they did. —</em></p><p align="right"><em>(Qur’an: Surah al-An’am:6: 108)</em> </p><p align="right"></p><p align="justify"></span></span><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;">Islam forbids insults and reviling what others hold as saced just as it would not expect others to adopt this practice towards it. This could only lead to enmity rather than bringing people to the Truth. Everyone claims to be sincerely seeking the Truth, and since foremost to mankind is the endowment of the faculty to reason, let reason then be the subject of appeal, rather than emotion. In fact emotion can be volatile and if not controlled by reason, is blinded and constructive.</span></p></blockquote><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><p align="right"><br /><br /><br /><span style="color:#003300;"><span style="font-size:180%;">وَلَا تُجَـٰدِلُوٓاْ أَهۡلَ ٱلۡڪِتَـٰبِ إِلَّا بِٱلَّتِى هِىَ أَحۡسَنُ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنۡهُمۡۖ وَقُولُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِٱلَّذِىٓ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡنَا وَأُنزِلَ إِلَيۡڪُمۡ وَإِلَـٰهُنَا وَإِلَـٰهُكُمۡ وَٲحِدٌ۬ وَنَحۡنُ لَهُ ۥ مُسۡلِمُونَ</span><br /></p></span><p align="right"><span style="color:#003300;"><br /></p><blockquote><p align="justify"><em>And dispute ye not with the People of the Book, except with means better (than mere disputation), unless it be with those of them who inflict wrong (and injury): But say, “We believe in the revelation which has come down to us and that which came down to you; Our God and your God is One; and it is to Him we<br />bow (in Islam)”.—</em></p><p align="right"><em>(Qur’an: Surah an-Ankabut: 29:46)</em></p><p align="right"><em></em></p><p align="right"><em></em></p><p align="justify"></span>The need to share Truth is recognized by Islam as afundamental principle, but it stresses that there must be etiquette in doing it, not merely entering into futile disputations. From the Islamic concept of the Unity of God, Islam strives to unite mankind rather than to further divide them. Thus, the need for caution in the ways of Da’wah.</p></blockquote><p align="right"><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><span style="color:#003333;">ٱدۡعُ إِلَىٰ سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِٱلۡحِكۡمَةِ وَٱلۡمَوۡعِظَةِ ٱلۡحَسَنَةِۖ وَجَـٰدِلۡهُم بِٱلَّتِى هِىَ أَحۡسَنُۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَن ضَلَّ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦۖ وَهُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِٱلۡمُهۡتَدِينَ<br /></span></p></span><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;"></span></em></p><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">Invite (all) to the way of thy Lord with wisdom and beautiful preaching; and argue with them in ways that are best and most gracious; for Thy Lord knows best who have strayed from His Path, and who receive guidance.—</span></em></p><p align="right"><em><span style="color:#003333;">(Qur’an: Surah an-Nahl: 16: 125)</span></em></p><span style="color:#003333;"><em></em></span></blockquote><blockquote><p><span style="color:#003333;"></span></p><p align="justify"></span><br />The way allowed by Islam is that it must be with wisdom and discretion, by using convincing arguments and fair exhortation. The manner of inviting people must not be offensive but gentle and considerate. Displaying the most courteous and most gracious manners, rather than by haughty highhandedness and arrogance; always motivated by the Truth and the love of God and for fellow men.<br /><br />Alas for such to be established, the most crucial factor is that of justice. Islam foresees that mere idealistic notions could and would, be trampled by those who have no regards for tolerance. In a world where sometimes might be construed as being right, and where those with power to oppress deem pacifist approach fair game, Islam permits the right of defence, in the name of justice.</p></blockquote><p align="right"><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#003333;">أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَـٰتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ ظُلِمُواْۚ وَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ نَصۡرِهِمۡ لَقَدِيرٌ ٱلَّذِينَ أُخۡرِجُواْ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِم بِغَيۡرِ حَقٍّ إِلَّآ أَن يَقُولُواْ رَبُّنَا ٱللَّهُۗ وَلَوۡلَا دَفۡعُ ٱللَّهِ ٱلنَّاسَ بَعۡضَہُم بِبَعۡضٍ۬ لَّهُدِّمَتۡ صَوَٲمِعُ وَبِيَعٌ۬ وَصَلَوَٲتٌ۬ وَمَسَـٰجِدُ يُذۡڪَرُ فِيہَا ٱسۡمُ ٱللَّهِ ڪَثِيرً۬اۗ وَلَيَنصُرَنَّ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَنصُرُهُ ۥۤۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَقَوِىٌّ عَزِيزٌ</span><br /><br /><br /></p><span style="color:#003333;"><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="color:#003333;"><em>To those against whom war is made, permission is given (to fight), because they are wronged; and verily Allah is Most Powerful for their aid; - (They are) those who have been expelled from their homes in defiance of right, -(for no cause) except that they say, “Our Lord is Allah.” Had not Allah check one set of people by means of another, there would surely have been pulled down monasteries, churches, synagogues and mosques, in which the name of Allah is commemorated in abundant measure. Allah will certainly aid those who aid His cause; For verily, Allah is Full of Strength, exalted in Might, (able to enforce His Will). — </em></span></p><p align="right"><span style="color:#003333;"><em>(Qur’an: Surah al-Hajj: 22: 39-40)</em></span></p><p align="justify"></em></span><br />For some who feels that perhaps Islamic teachings are contradictory because it permits the use of force in the same breath when it upholds the concept of tolerance, let him ponder over the above. Those with noble notion “that if someone strikes your left cheek, give him your right”, would realize that most of the time in history, this has not been practical. Perhaps if I may be permitted to sum up Islamic parallel, it is, “If someone strikes your left cheek, restrain him from unjustly striking you or anyone else again.”<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="color:#003333;"><span style="font-size:180%;">وَقَـٰتِلُوهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ لَا تَكُونَ فِتۡنَةٌ۬ وَيَكُونَ ٱلدِّينُ لِلَّهِۖ فَإِنِ ٱنتَہَوۡاْ فَلَا عُدۡوَٲنَ إِلَّا عَلَى ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ<br /></span><br /><br /></p><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><em>And fight them on until there is no more tumult or oppression, and there prevail justice and faith in Allah. But if they cease, let there be no hostility except to those who practice oppression. — </em></p><p align="right"><em>(Qur’an: Surah al- Baqarah: 2: 193)</em></p></blockquote></em></span><p align="justify"><br />As a rule, Islam advocates peace and friendly relations with people. It abhors and is totally against oppression and injustice. Islam is firm and uncompromising towards anyone who indulges in them and regards them as open adversaries unless and until they cease. Therefore, anyone with pure intentions should never fear Islam, for Muslims are duty bound to deal kindly and justly towards all.</p><p align="right"><br /><br /><span style="color:#003333;"><span style="font-size:180%;">لَّا يَنۡهَٮٰكُمُ ٱللَّهُ عَنِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يُقَـٰتِلُوكُمۡ فِى ٱلدِّينِ وَلَمۡ يُخۡرِجُوكُم مِّن دِيَـٰرِكُمۡ أَن تَبَرُّوهُمۡ وَتُقۡسِطُوٓاْ إِلَيۡہِمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُقۡسِطِينَ إِنَّمَا يَنۡہَٮٰكُمُ ٱللَّهُ عَنِ ٱلَّذِينَ قَـٰتَلُوكُمۡ فِى ٱلدِّينِ وَأَخۡرَجُوڪُم مِّن دِيَـٰرِكُمۡ وَظَـٰهَرُواْ عَلَىٰٓ إِخۡرَاجِكُمۡ أَن تَوَلَّوۡهُمۡۚ وَمَن يَتَوَلَّهُمۡ فَأُوْلَـٰٓٮِٕكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّـٰلِمُونَ<br /><br /></span><br /></p><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><em>Allah forbids you not, with regard to those who fight you not for your faith nor drive you out of your homes, form dealing kindly and justly with them; for Allah loves those who are just. Allah only forbids you with regard to those who fight you for your faith and drive you out of your homes and support (others) in driving you out, from turning to them (for friendship and protection). It is such as turn to them (in these circumstances) that do wrong. —</em></p><p align="right"><em>(Qur’an: Surah al-Mumtahanah:60: 8-9)<br /></p></em></blockquote><p align="justify"></em></span><br />As for all non-Muslims who have covenanted peace and friendship with the Muslims, the attitude of Islam to them has been clearly expressed by Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) when he said these words concerning the <em>Dhimmis</em> (i.e., such non-Muslims of Medina who have made such covenant):<br /><br /><span style="color:#33cc00;"><em>Behold! Whosoever oppresses a Dhimmi (covenanted non-Muslim), or does some harm to him, puts hardship on him beyond his capacity, or takes away something from him without willful consent, I shall be his disputant on the Resurrection Day. –(Hadith reported Abu Daud)</em></span></p><p align="justify"></span></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#330099;">BETWEEN RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE AND DA’WAH</span><br /><br /></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-size:130%;">In da’wah (calling), the main concern is “<em>inviting all towards righteousness, forbidding of wrongdoing and believing in Allah</em>”. One may argue then, that “how can da’wah be upholding religious tolerance if it sees the need to forbid actions of others which may be viewed by Islam as wrong?” the tendency to generalize an aspect of Islamic teachings may cause one to make such a remark without clarifications. Even some Muslims, in their zealousness to carry out da’wah fall prey to their own ignorance of the overall principles in da’wah, thereby aggravating this misconception.<br /><br />It is important firstly to note that Islam, as a way of life does not hide what it propounds to be the Truth. Its teachings are based on the Absolute Truth, revealed by Allah to His Messenger Muhammad (s.a.w). Thus, what is right and wrong, from the point of view of Islam is absolute, based upon well-defined principles, not subjects for experimentation. It is because of our strong belief in this Truth; motivated by genuine concern for all mankind to benefit from it that Muslims are enjoined to do da’wah.<br /><br />Manners of carrying out da’wah also have to conform to certain absolute principles, most important of which is “<em>adaalah</em>”(justice). To let mankind to remain in ignorance is not in keeping to this principle. On the other hand, as have been stated above, the freedom for each individual to choose whatever religion is tolerated and respected by Islam. No one ought to be coerced of forced in matters of choosing a religion, but tolerance does not mean to turn a blind eye to certain things like injustice, nor does it means to tolerate ignorant actions of self-destruction. Especially when these actions harm the society, no one can expect others to remain tolerant. Similarly, tolerance must always be subservient to the primary concern for the establishment of justice, and personal right does not take precedence over the right of society whenever it conflicts. It is because of these factors that da’wah principles have been laid down. In short, the tolerance of Islam must always be balanced with its principle of justice. Tolerance—would be impossible without justice.<br /><br />In da’wah, inviting others to Islam must always be with wisdom, beautiful and fair exhortation, not entering into senseless disputation except with the best means. Here the individual’s right to choose whatever faith is to be tolerated, no force, compulsion or deception must be used. Here is where tolerance is to be seen.<br /><br />Another aspect of da’wah is, whenever injustice and harm is perpetrated, Muslims are told to forbid and remove them. The term used in Islam is “<em>mungkar</em>”(evil or wrongdoing). Here, the primary concern of Islam is not so much as to get people into its fold, rather to ensure that these harms and injustice are removed. These are the wrongdoings that have repercussion towards not only the doer but also the rest of society. And because this aspect of da’wah is confused with the first, which concerns individual right, the misunderstanding arose. In this regard, concept of tolerance is irrelevant. The Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) made a beautiful parable concerning this:<br /></span></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><br /><em><span style="color:#009900;">“The likeness of a man who remains passive in the prescribed crimes of Allah and of the man who commits them is like the people who are on board the ship. Some of them are in the lower deck and some the upper deck. Those who are below received water from those above and thus they have to inconvenient the other. So they (in the lower deck) took a hatchet and began to make a hole in the bottom of the ship. Then those of the upper deck came to them and said, “What are you doing?” They replied, “we have troubled you, so we have decided to choose another alternative method of getting water.” If those from the upper deck restrain the hands of those wielding the hatchet, they will save them as well as their own lives. And if they leave them (to do as they please), they will be destroyed along with them.” –(Hadith reported by Bukhary)<br /></span></em></span></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><br />The extent to which each Muslim is expected to strive in da’wah is with the utmost of his ability. He may have a certain limitation of authority accorded to him in the context of social order, yet he is not expected to cower and look for excuses in exercising his duty as best as possible, the least expected of him by word of mouth. This was recognized by the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) in a hadith:<br /></span></span></p><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><p align="justify"><br /><em><span style="color:#009900;">“Whosoever amongst you sees anything objectionable, let him change it with his hands; if he is not able, then with his tongue; and even if that he is not able, then with his heart, and that is the weakest form of faith”. –(Hadith reported by Muslim)</span><br /></em></span></p><p align="justify"><br /></p></span><p align="justify"><span style="color:#000000;"></p></span><span style="color:#000099;"><span style="font-size:180%;"></span></span><p align="justify"><span style="color:#000099;"><span style="font-size:180%;">RIGHT OF COGNIZANCE</span><br /></span></p><p align="justify"><br /></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color:#000000;">Every religion should be given the right of cognizance over its adherent. This primary right should be stressed, when we speak of tolerance. This is important because quite often, the tendencies amongst some people with alien standards to impose them upon another religion have sparked many violent reactions. We have to realize the sensitivity of such behaviour. As long as the practices of a particular religion are based upon its own fundamental teachings, it ought to be respected. Even this prerogative is best left to the particular faith to define.<br /><br />As regards to cults and deviant teachings, it is the main religion from which they claim to come from that have cognizance and the right of judgement is based upon clear evidence. To sympathise or give credence to such cults or deviants is displaying intolerance to the main religion. Except on question of <em>ultravires</em>, all such judgement should be respected. The concept of tolerance should not be allowed to be abused by opportunists seeking recognition (of their deviant ways) by unjustly using the credibility of any religion.<br /></span></span></p><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color:#000000;"></span></span></blockquote><blockquote><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color:#000000;"><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><span style="color:#000099;">CONCLUSION</span><br /></p></span></span></span><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color:#000000;"><br />Islam, as a complete way of life (<em>Ad-deen</em>), has been able to demonstrate the concept of tolerance in history, when it held the rein of power. It teaches that tolerance must always be tampered with justice. The main responsibility of any government, whether secular or otherwise, should be that of upholding justice. Legislation on any matter touching the religion sentiments of its citizens must only be for ensuring that justice prevail, and not for any other reason. If it is for justice, then Islam is a religion that stands by it:</span></span></p><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color:#000000;"><p align="right"></p><p align="right"><br /><span style="color:#003333;"><span style="font-size:180%;">إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَأۡمُرُ بِٱلۡعَدۡلِ وَٱلۡإِحۡسَـٰنِ وَإِيتَآىِٕ ذِى ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَيَنۡهَىٰ عَنِ ٱلۡفَحۡشَآءِ وَٱلۡمُنڪَرِ وَٱلۡبَغۡىِۚ يَعِظُكُمۡ لَعَلَّڪُمۡ تَذَكَّرُونَ</span><br /></span></p><p align="right"><br /></p><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p><em><span style="color:#003333;">Lo Allah enjoins justice and kindness, and giving to<br />kinfolk, and forbids lewdness and abomination and wickedness. He exhorts you in order that you may take heed. – </span></em></p><p align="right"><em><span style="color:#003333;">(Qur’an: Surah an-Nahl: 16: 90)<br /></p></span></em></blockquote><p align="justify"></span></em><br /><br /></span><br /></span><span style="font-size:180%;">******************************************************************************</span></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;">HISTORICAL BASIS</span><br /></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#009900;">The Meccan Experience<br /></span><br />Ever since the early period, Islam has shown exceptional forbearance in propagating the Truth. Since the Meccan period, it utilizes sound and rational arguments to open the dialogue towards establishing Truth. It appeals to the inherent faculty in man to realise faith to be something that has to be perceived firstly with the intellect and man should remove the veil or yoke of ignorance and blind fanaticism that has interposed his search for the Truth.<br /><br />From the early history of Messenger Muhammad (s.a.w) we see, that in spite of the peaceful ways and most rational arguments, Islam was met with brutish oppression, persecution and sufferings. It was not the manner of propagation that brought this about, for Muhammad (s.a.w) noble character and exemplary disposition was well known amongst the Meccans. There was nothing in his teachings or the manner of his call that justified such mistreatment. Rather it was the attitude of intolerance, fuelled by ignorance and blind fanaticism of the Quraish and spearheaded by the influential amongst them who felt their positions threatened and were thus concerned to preserve the status quo, even with violent means.<br /><br />They deemed it imperative to eradicate this movement with whatever method. They employed peer pressure, bribery, and social boycott. When these failed, they resorted to physical abuse and killings. It is in this context of unjust and at times violent oppression that the early Muslims underwent two migrations (Hijrah). Even after the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) has settled in Medina, the Quraish were still adamant and determined in their attitude of intolerance. It was arising from this that wars against the Muslims were waged. The right of defence was the only reason and final choice for the Muslims, for they were threatened with extermination.<br /><br />It is interesting to note that later in the truce that was achieved due to the Treaty of Hudaybiyah, even though the terms were so drafted to leave the Muslims with so many disadvantages yet Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) signed that Treaty. There was open resentment amongst the ranks of the Muslims, but Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) overruled and pacified them for his mission was one of mercy, and that war was never the means of his propagation (one of the meaning of “<em>Islam</em>” is, after all, Peace).</span></p><p align="center"><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#003333;">وَإِن جَنَحُواْ لِلسَّلۡمِ فَٱجۡنَحۡ لَهَا وَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّهُ ۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ<br /></p></span></span><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><span style="color:#003333;"></span></span></p><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000000;"><span style="color:#003333;"><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="color:#003333;"><em>But if the enemy incline towards peace, do thou (also) incline towards peace, and trust in Allah: for He is the One that hearth and knowth (all things). – </em></span></span></p><p align="right"><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="color:#003333;"><em>(Qur’an: Surah al-Anfal: 8: 61)</em><br /></p></span></span></blockquote><p align="justify"></em></span><br />The Muslims’ desire for peace was shown even when some amongst them had to suffer from the disadvantages of the terms of the Treaty. The conquest of Mecca was not brought about by any military desire but it was because of the savage massacre on a caravan of Muslim traders by the Quraish, thereby breaking their solemn pledge for truce in the Treaty of Hudaybiyah. It was tantamount to a declaration of war.</p><p align="right"><br /><br /><span style="color:#003333;"><span style="font-size:180%;">أَلَا تُقَـٰتِلُونَ قَوۡمً۬ا نَّكَثُوٓاْ أَيۡمَـٰنَهُمۡ وَهَمُّواْ بِإِخۡرَاجِ ٱلرَّسُولِ وَهُم بَدَءُوڪُمۡ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍۚ أَتَخۡشَوۡنَهُمۡۚ فَٱللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَن تَخۡشَوۡهُ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ</span><br /></span></p><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="color:#003333;"><em>Will ye not fight people who violated their oaths, plotted to expel the Messenger, and took the aggressive by being the first (to assault) you? Do ye fear them? Nay; it is Allah Whom ye should more justly fear, if ye believe! – </em></span></p><p align="right"><span style="color:#003333;"><em>(Qur’an: Surah at-Taubah: 9: 13)<br /></p></em></span></blockquote></span><p align="justify"><br />Even in this march into Mecca, the Muslim army demonstrated much restraint. When Mecca eventually fell into his hands, Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) went further to magnanimously forgive the Quraish for their past actions against the Muslims.<br /></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#009900;">The Medinan Experience</span><br /><br />Another example worth noting from the Seerah (life history) of the prophet of Islam (s.a.w) was when he established Medina in what was previously called Yathrib. They were already, living amongst the Arab tribes of <em>Aus</em> and <em>Khazraj</em>, some Jews and yet they were left to follow their own ways. Although the message of Islam was conveyed to them, the choice of whether to accept Islam or not, is entirely left up to them and they were free to practise their own religion. Islam even showed much respect for the right to their religion.<br /><br />In one instance when the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) was asked to judge certain matters amongst them, he asked them concerning what was written in their Book (<em>Taurah</em>) and when told, he admonished them to follow that ruling contained in their books of revelations that had come upon their prophet.<br /><br />In Medina too, there were dialogues made by the Muslims to the Christians. Noteworthy amongst these was when a delegation of Christians from <em>Najra</em>n (Yemen), headed by a Bishop, was welcomed to Medina. There occurred a peaceful dialogue that went on for several days in the mosque of the Prophet. At the end when all has been said, for the conclusion of it, the Prophet (s.a.w) as commanded by Allah in the Qur’an, offered a “<em>Mubahalah</em>”.</p><p align="justify"></p><p align="right"><span style="font-size:180%;color:#006600;">فَمَنۡ حَآجَّكَ فِيهِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جَآءَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡعِلۡمِ فَقُلۡ تَعَالَوۡاْ نَدۡعُ أَبۡنَآءَنَا وَأَبۡنَآءَكُمۡ وَنِسَآءَنَا وَنِسَآءَكُمۡ وَأَنفُسَنَا وَأَنفُسَكُمۡ ثُمَّ نَبۡتَہِلۡ فَنَجۡعَل لَّعۡنَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَى ٱلۡڪَـٰذِبِينَ</span><br /></p><span style="color:#006600;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="color:#006600;"><em>If any one dispute in this matter with thee, now after (full) knowledge hath come to thee, say: come! Let us gather together, our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves, then let us<br />earnestly pray, and invoke the curse of Allah on those who lie!” – </em></span></p><p align="right"><span style="color:#006600;"><em>(Qur’an: Surah aali-‘Imran: 3: 61)</em></span></p></blockquote></span><p align="justify"><br />Although the Prophet (s.a.w) stood ready with members of his household comprising of Fathimah, ‘Ali, Hassan and Hussain (may Allah bless them all), the Christians declined to this mubahalah; and they were respectfully allowed to return to Yemen, in the spirit of tolerance with their safety being guaranteed by the Muslims. </p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;">********************************************************************<br /></span></span></span></strong></p></blockquote>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-40644784127394149482008-05-16T06:43:00.000-07:002008-05-16T07:03:34.111-07:00Seven Reasons Why A Scientist Believes In God<span style="font-family:arial;"><strong><em><blockquote><div align="right"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-family:arial;color:#666666;"><strong><em>from the desk of Ustaz Zhulkeflee</em></strong></span></span></div><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-family:arial;"><strong><em><span style="color:#ff0000;"><p><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-family:arial;"><strong><em><span style="color:#ff0000;"></span></em></strong></span></span></p></span></em></strong></span></span><div align="justify"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-family:arial;"><strong><em><span style="color:#ff0000;"></span></em></strong></span></span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-family:arial;"><strong><em><span style="color:#ff0000;"></span></em></strong></span></span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-family:arial;"><strong><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">This article of Mr. A. Cressy Morrison, former President of the New York Academy of Sciences, first appeared in the "Reader's Digest" (January 1948); then on recommendation of Professor C. A. Coulson, F.R.S., Professor of Mathematics at Oxford University, was republished in the Reader's Digest (November 1960). (Adapted from: "God of Islam. By Seyyid Saeed Akhta Rizvi"). It shows how the science compels the scientists to admit the essential creed of a Supreme Creator.</span><br /></em></strong></span></span></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><span style="color:#ff0000;">------------------------------------------------------------------------- Start of article -----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /></span><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">“We are still in the dawn of the scientific age and every increase of fight reveals more brightly the handiwork of an intelligent Creator. In the 90 years since Darwin we have made stupendous discoveries; with a spirit of scientific humility and of faith grounded in knowledge we are approaching even nearer to an awareness of God.<br /></span><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">For myself, I count seven reasons for my faith.</span> :<br /><br />-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;"><span style="color:#000099;">[1] First:</span> By unwavering mathematical law we can prove that our universe was designed and executed by a great engineering Intelligence.<br /><br />Suppose you put ten coins, marked from one to ten, into your pocket and give them a good shuffle. Now try to take them out in sequence from one to ten, putting back the coin each time and shaking them all again. Mathematically we know that your chance of first drawing number one is one in ten; of drawing one and two in succession, one in 100; of drawing one, two and three in succession, one in a thousand, and so on; your chance of drawing them all, from one to number ten in succession, would reach the unbelievable figure of one chance in ten thousand million.<br /><br />By the same reasoning, so many exacting conditions are necessary for life on earth that they could not possibly exist in proper relationship by chance. The earth rotates on its axis at one thousand miles an hour; if it turned at one hundred miles an hour, our days and nights would be ten times as long as now, and the hot sun would then burn up our vegetation during each long day while in the long night any surviving, sprout would freeze.<br /><br />Again, the sun, source of our life, has a surface temperature of 12,000 degrees Fahrenheit, and our earth is just far enough away so that this "eternal fire" warms us just enough and not too much! If the sun gave off only one-half its present radiation, we would freeze, and if it gave half as much more, we would roast.<br /><br />The slant of the earth, tilted at an angle of 23 degrees, gives us our seasons; if it had not been so tilted, vapours from the ocean would move north and south, piling up for us continents of ice. If our moon was, say, only 50 thousand miles away instead of its actual distance our tides would be so enormous that twice a day all continents would be submerged; even the mountains would soon be eroded away. If the crust of the earth had been only ten feet thicker, there would be no oxygen without which animal life must die. Had the ocean been a few feet deeper, carbon dioxide and oxygen would have been absorbed and no vegetable life could exist. Or if our atmosphere had been thinner, some of the meteors, now burned in space by the million every day, would be striking all parts of the earth, starting fires everywhere.<br /><br />Because of these, and host of other examples, there is not one chance in millions that life on our planet is an accident!<br /><br /><br />---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;">[2] Second:</span> The resourcefulness of life to accomplish its purpose is a manifestation of all-pervading Intelligence. What life itself is, no man has fathomed. It has neither weight nor dimensions, but it does have force; a growing root will crack a rock. Life has conquered water, land and air, mastering the elements, compelling them to dissolve and reform their combinations.<br /><br />Life, the sculptor, shapes all living things; an artist, it designs every leaf of every tree, and colours every flower. Life is a musician and has each bird to sing its love songs, the insects to call each other in the music of their multitudinous sounds. Life is a sublime chemist, giving taste to fruits and spices, and perfume to the rose changing water and carbonic acid into sugar and wood and, in so doing, releasing oxygen that animal may have the breath of life.<br /><br />Behold an almost invisible drop of protoplasm, transparent and jelly-like, capable of motion, drawing energy from the sun. This single cell, this transparent mist like droplet, holds within itself the germ of life, and has the power to distribute this life to every living thing, great and small. The powers of this droplet are greater than our vegetation and animals and people, for all life came from it. Nature did not create life; fire-blistered rocks and a salt less sea could not meet the necessary requirements.<br /><br />"Who, then, has put it here?<br /><br /><br /><br />---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;">[3] Third:</span> Animal wisdom speaks irresistibly of a good Creator who infused instinct into otherwise helpless little creatures.<br /><br />The young salmon spends years at sea, then comes back to his own river, and travels up the very side of the river into which flows the tributary where he was born. What brings him back so precisely? If you transfer him to another tributary he will know at once that he is off his course and he will fight his way down and back to the main stream and then turn up against the current to finish his destiny more accurately.<br /><br />Even more difficult to solve is the mystery of eels. These amazing creatures migrate at maturity from all ponds and rivers everywhere those from Europe across thousands of miles of ocean - all bound for the same abysmal deeps near Bermuda. There they breed and die. The little ones, with no apparent means of knowing anything except that they are in a wilderness of water, nevertheless find their way back not only to the very shore from which their parent came but thence to the rivers, lakes or little ponds -- so that each body of water is always populated with eels. No American eel has ever been caught in Europe, no European eel in African waters. Nature has even delayed the maturity of the European eel by a year or more to make up for it's longer journey.<br /><br />Where does the directing impulse originate?<br /><br />A wasp will overpower a grasshopper, dig a hole in the earth, sting the grasshopper in exactly the right place so that he does not die but becomes unconscious and lives on as a form of preserved meat. Then the wasp will lay her eggs handily so that her children when they hatch can nibble without killing the insect on which they feed; to them dead meat would be fatal. The mother then flies away and dies; she never sees her young. Surely the wasp must have done all this right the first time and every time, or else there would be no wasp. Such mysterious techniques cannot be explained by adoption; they were bestowed.<br /><br />---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;">[4] Fourth:</span> Man has something more than animal instinct - the power of reason.<br /><br />No other animal has ever left a record of its ability to count ten or even to understand the meaning of ten. Where instinct is like a single note of a flute, beautiful but limited, the human brain contains all the notes of all the instruments in the orchestra. No need to belabour this fourth point; thanks to the human reason we can contemplate the possibility that we are what we are only because we have received a spark of Universal Intelligence.<br /><br /><br />---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;">[5] Fifth:</span> Provision for all living is revealed in phenomena which we know today but which Darwin did not know - such as the wonders of genes. So unspeakably tiny are these genes that, if all of them responsible for all living people in the world could be put in one place, there would be less than a thimbleful. Yet these ultra-microscopic genes and their companions, the chromosomes, inhabit every living cell and are the absolute keys to all human, animal and vegetable characteristics. A thimble is a small place in which to put all the individual characteristics of two thousand million human beings. However, the facts are beyond question. Well then, how do genes lock up all the normal heredity of a multitude of ancestors and preserve the psychology of each in such an infinitely small space? Here evolution really begins - at the cell, the entity, which holds and carries genes. How a few million atoms, locked up as an ultra-microscopic gene, can absolutely rule all on earth is an example of profound cunning and provision that could emanate only from a Creative Intelligence - no other hypothesis will serve.<br /><br />---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;">[6] Sixth:</span> By the economy of nature, we are forced to realise that only infinite wisdom could have foreseen and prepared with such astute husbandry.<br /><br />Many years ago a species of cactus was planted in Australia as a protective fence. Having no insect enemies in Australia the cactus soon began a prodigious growth; the alarming abundance persisted until the plants covered an area as long and wide as England, crowding inhabitants out of the towns and. villages, and destroying their farms. Seeking a defence, the entomologists scoured the world; finally they turned up an insect which exclusively feeds on cactus, and would eat nothing else. It would breed freely too; and it had no enemies in Australia. So animal soon conquered vegetable and today the cactus pest has retreated, and with it all but a small protective residue of the insects, enough to hold the cactus in check forever.<br /><br />Such checks and balances have been universally provided. Why have not fast-breeding insects dominated the earth? Because they have no lungs such as man possesses; they breathe through tubes. But when insects grow large, their tubes do not grow in ratio to the increasing size of the body. Hence there has never been an insect of great size; this limitation on growth has held them all in check.<br /><br />If this physical check had not been provided, man could not exist. Imagine meeting a hornet as big as a lion!<br /><br /><br />---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;">[7] Seventh:</span> The fact that man can conceive the idea of God is in itself a unique proof.<br /><br />The conception of god rises from a divine faculty of man, not shared with the rest of our world - the faculty we call imagination. By its power, man and man alone can find the evidence of things unseen. The vista that power opens up is unbounded; indeed, as man is perfected imagination becomes a spiritual reality. He may discern in all the evidence of design and purpose the great truth that heaven is wherever and whatever is; that God is everywhere and in everything, but nowhere so close as in our hearts.<br /><br />It is scientifically as well as imaginatively true; in the words of the psalmist: The heavens declare the glory of God and the firmament shows His handiwork.”<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="color:#ff0000;">-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of article -------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /></span><br /></div></blockquote></em></strong></span>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-10133448394713190602008-05-04T07:36:00.000-07:002008-05-04T22:10:26.157-07:00ISLAM : and media deluge<div align="left"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#ff0000;"><strong><em>(Adapted from talk delivered by Ustaz Zhulkeflee at Malabar mosque, (organized by Malabar Muslim Jama'at) </em></strong></span><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#ff0000;"><strong><em>Victoria Street, Singapore on the occassion of their Ramadhan Lecture Series -2005)</em></strong></span> </div><div align="left"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br /><span style="font-family:times new roman;color:#666666;"><strong><blockquote><span style="font-family:times new roman;font-size:180%;color:#666666;"><strong>ISLAM : and media deluge“…. sifting the TRUTH from ‘truth’ ….”</strong></span></blockquote></strong></span></div><p><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong></strong></span></p><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong><p align="justify"><span style="color:#000099;">Introduction<br /></span><br /><span style="color:#003300;"></p><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“ (Al-Qur’an), containing messages that are clear in and by themselves (aayat muhkamaat) – and these are the essence of the divine writ – as well as others that are allegorical (aayat mutasyaabihat). Now those whose hearts are given to swerving from the truth go after that part of the divine writ which has been expressed in allegory, seeking out [what is bound to create] confusion, and seeking [to arrive at] its final meaning [in arbitrary manner]; but none save God knows its final meaning..” </span><span style="color:#003300;">(Qur'an: Surah Aali ‘Imraan: 3: 7-9)</span></em></p></blockquote><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify">In the above, Allah s.w.t. teaches us that Islam and all its teachings are founded on clear and explicit principles and that any other aspects which may appear vague (i.e. can have many interpretations) they must be made to conform to these clear principles, and not to allow any interpretation which is not consistent with it. Allah s.w.t.in fact is warning us that there will be people who intends to distort truth be picking out aspects of the teaching and practice of Islam out of its overall context, and forcing their misinterpretation to it so as to fault Islam - to create confusion and mischief.</p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify">The power of the media and the usage of modern communication technology has been harnassed towards affecting peoples' opinions and beliefs.With much misunderstanding and bias reporting on Islam today, instead of being a source of information has rather become guilty of misinformation about Islam. And it comes in a deluge, The ignorant use and careless application of terms can distort truth, thereby compounding the confusion.Thus a world renown Islamic thinker S M Naquib al-Attas warns:</span></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#990000;"><em><span style="color:#990000;"><em></em></span></em></span></p><span style="color:#990000;"><em><span style="color:#990000;"><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="color:#990000;"><em><span style="color:#990000;"><em>“The learned and wise among Muslims must use constant vigilance in detecting erroneous usage in language which impinges upon semantic change in major key elements and creates general confusion and error in the understanding of Islam and of its worldview.”</em></span></em></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#990000;"><em><span style="color:#990000;"><em>(Quote: S M Naquib al-Attas “The Concept of Education in Islam” pp. 37-38 )</em></span></p></em></span></blockquote></em></span></em></span><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify">To begin de-fusing many misconception, we need to explain what certain terms (although commonly used by others too) actually means to us, our perspectives. To begin with, the term "religion" to refer to <em>al-Islam</em>. Although this term "religion" is often used it does not actually convey the actual meaning for the term "<em>Deen</em>." Thus peoples thought about <em>al-Islam</em> tends to be coloured by what what they have regarded religion, as any other religion to be. This, infusion of their interpretation to what Islam is, perhaps could be one source for their many misundestanding of Islam. There we need to explain it.</p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="color:#000099;">Preliminary - point: Understanding Islam as “<em>Ad-Deen</em>”</span><br /></p><ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">DEEN : “Usually translated as “religion” – not an accurate term.</span></li><li><span style="font-size:85%;">from root word “daa-na “ which can also mean: be indebted, to owe one’s thanks, to<br />be subjected, bow, yield, owe allegiance.</span></li><li><span style="font-size:85%;">from “dain” which means debt, obligation, liability.</span></li><li><span style="font-size:85%;">from “dainuu-na” which means judgement, Last<br />Judgement.</span></li><li><span style="font-size:85%;">related to the word “maaddana” which means “to build or found cities to civilise, to refine and to humanise” from which the word “tamaddun” meaning “civilisation and refinement in social culture”</span><br /></li></ul><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">Important point: “Islam” as “Ad-Deen”</span></em> </p><p align="justify">“The primary signification of the term “deen” thus can be reduced to four:</p><ul><li><div align="justify">Indebtedness </div></li><li><div align="justify">Submissiveness/submission/surrender </div></li><li><div align="justify">Judicious power </div></li><li><div align="justify">Natural inclination or tendency<br /></div></li></ul><span style="color:#cc0000;"><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="color:#cc0000;"><em>“Thus, the implication of “religion” in the ordinary usage which tends to be affected by secular thoughts is not in accord to Islam’s concept of religion which is life in totality, all-encompassing and cannot be dichotomised. A Muslim always is mindful that ultimately he is a servant of God whether in mosque or in the market place, in private or in public etc. Life of this world is intrinsically link with the Hereafter (also referred to as ‘Yaum al-Deen’ -The day of Judgement).<br />– Extracted from “Tasawwur Islam Notes” by Ust. Zhulkeflee Ismail(PERGAS)</em></span> </p><p align="center">----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p></blockquote></em></span><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"><em>Critique of modern (Western) approaches in their analysis of Islam:</em></span> </p><p align="justify"><br />1. Their obsession with adding adjectives to term “<em>Islam</em>” whereas what they intend to convey are observations of the practices (rightly or wrongly), attitudes (justified or otherwise) and perceptions/misperceptions of Muslims. They attempt to grasp the true nature of the religion “<em>Islam</em>” interpreted merely from outward observations on the behaviour of its people (Muslims). This reminds me of the “<em>reductionist tendencies</em>” which only managed to be over simplistic while imagining that they have managed to simplify things. </p><p align="justify"><br /><br />2. Their failure to make clear distinction between term “<em>Islam</em>” and “<em>Muslim</em>” but continually use these terms interchangeably thereby they are trapped into attacking a “<em>straw man</em>” of their own creation with all the obvious weaknesses perceived in this false portrayal of Islam.<br /></p><p align="justify"><br />3. We can admit that Muslims are not perfect, but to equate it by suggesting therefore Islam as a religious ideal is therefore flawed because of certain acts seen in some Muslims, is mischievous (reminiscent of the Orientalist approaches long since exposed as bias bigotry cloaked in academic writings motivated by the Church and Western Imperialism – which II Vatican Council has today attempted to correct, if not reversed).<br /></p><p align="justify"><br />4. They may have succumbed to “<em>intellectual dictatorship</em>”. Evidence is when terms are carelessly coined arbitrarily, and subjects are categorised to suit the Western epistemology and secularist worldview without considering that a particular religion may differ in their philosophy and has their own explanation and worldview (this is true not just to Islam but almost all Eastern religions) . Basic underlying philosophy, wisdom and fundamental principles of Eastern religions are simply brushed aside as irrelevant and archaic in the modern age dictated by Western hegemony.<br /></p><p align="justify"><br />5. Their predominant use of modern anthropological and sociological methods and approaches in commenting on religions. They claimed that these methods are ‘objective’ and ‘<em>neutral</em>’ but in doing so unwittingly they have rejected without even bothering to consider these religions inherent claim to something sacred, something absolute (but which western anthropologists categorised as myths, human imaginings. Even truth to the West is merely as something relative not absolute, religions as outcome of man’s needs etc.). These Western ‘<em>scientific</em>’ approaches (which really mean rejection of the metaphysical) actually are not ‘neutral’ and ‘objective’ but clearly are promoting ‘<em>atheistic</em>’ and secular materialistic ideas.<br /></p><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="color:#000099;"><blockquote><p align="center"><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#cc0000;">Seyyed Hossein Nasr observed in chapter 1 of </span></em></p><p align="center"><span style="color:#cc0000;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><em>“Islam and the Plight of Modern Man”</em> :<br /></span></span></p><p align="justify"><em>“Western scientists and scholars in the fields of anthropology, the social sciences, and even the humanities are trained almost completely to study only change. Any alteration, no matter how trivial, is more often than not, considered as a significant change, while the immutable is almost unconsciously identified with the unimportant or the dead…..”</em><br /><br />He further opines: </p><p align="justify"><em>“ …But in the field of sciences of man….. the great impediment is precisely the monolithic and monopolistic character which modern science has displayed since the seventeenth century.”</em><br /><br /><em>“ …But to relate these elements to traditional schools is possible only if the doctrine of man in his totality, as expounded in traditional metaphysics … is accepted…</em></p><p align="justify"><em>… To claim to know the human psyche without the aid of the Spirit (the Intellect) and to claim finality for this knowledge as ‘truly scientific’, independent of any other form of knowledge, cannot but result in the very impasse which in fact the modern world faces today.”</em><br /><br />He suggested: </p><p align="justify"><em>“It (i.e. modern scientific research into the nature of man) can be legitimate only if it is able to overcome the ‘totalitarian rationalism’ inherent in modern science ….. and to assent to become what it really is, namely a limited and particular way of knowing things through the observation of their external aspects, their phenomena, and of ratiocination based upon this empirical contact with things;…”</em> </p><p align="center">----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"><em><span style="font-size:130%;">Lessons for Muslims intellectuals: "Many of these absurd labelling may become apparent if Western writers/commentators of Islam were to:</span></em><br /></p><ol><li><div align="justify">sincerely appreciate the meanings of those terms which may belong to different worldview from theirs by understanding them from their source. </div></li><li><div align="justify">And then only can they proceed to suggest terms but we have to clearly define these, which we intend to use with its entire intended significance and implications; ensuring that it is not antithetical to its original worldview, and not try to still insist in applying Western interpretations of it."<br /></div></li></ol><p align="justify">My response to: <em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">Their categorizing “Radical Islam Vs Conservative Islam”!<br /></span></em><br />There is only one Islam! Radical or conservative actually refers to the manners or ways as practiced by the people. If there are people who seem radical, it is their attitudes that should be studied, not Islam. And what do we mean by radical? Is it good or bad? (how do you judge?) </p><p align="justify">As to being conservative, it too can be deemed as positive as well as negative, depending on circumstances. </p><p align="justify">So, this simplistic pigeon-holing is rather simplistic to be applied to Islam which has principles which are universal and immutable and yet in its application, it is not to be applied rigidly but requires considerations of the people, time, place and circumstances faced.<br /></p><p align="justify">As to: <em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">Their categorizing “Political Islam Vs Apolitical Islam”!<br /></span></em><br />Islam as a way of life is all-encompassing, and therefore it includes guidance in man’s sociological, economic and political spheres of life. Islam cannot be reduced into such narrow slots of either ‘political or apolitical’. To single out only one aspect would be pandering to the ‘reductionist’ tendency. We have to be consistent in understanding Islam as <em>Ad-Deen</em>. In fact, political or apolitical should be applied to people in their attitude,<br /></p><p align="justify">To: <em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">Their categorizing “Moderate Islam Vs Extreme Islam”!</span></em><br /></p><p align="justify">This is mischievous! By suggesting labels of “moderate” or "extreme", actually they are referring to the people not the religion. Whatever be their tendencies, there is still only one Islam, and it’s teachings must be seen wholistically and not partially or selectively.<br /></p><p align="justify">As a religion, Islam expounds the golden means for its followers, that Muslims are those who follow the middle way:– </p><blockquote><p align="justify">“<span style="color:#336666;"><em>And thus have We willed you to be a community of the middle way (ummatan wasotan) [i.e. justly balanced], so that [with your lives] you might bear witness to the truth before all mankind </em></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#336666;"><em>(Qur’an: 2:143)”</em></span> </p></blockquote><p align="justify">So if the essential teachings advocates justice it implies moderation. How can we suggest using another adjective ‘moderate’, unless what is implied is that Muslims should not be religious! i.e. as if they are saying :‘<em>don’t be too serious about your religion. If you are, then you are being extreme!</em>’ Actually, if Islam is essentially balanced and moderate, to be extremely religious is to be extremely moderate! And falling short of being religious then will lead to ‘extremism’ of what is termed “<em>ghuluw</em>” which means “excessiveness, immoderation, exceeding proper bounds, exaggeration, extravagance.” And Islam regard not just acts which exceeded the accepted bounds of its teachings to be "extreme", purposeful omission, laxity or non-compliance of what has to be practiced in Islam is also a form of extremism. Both extremeties (because it goes beyond what this religion stipulates) are not of Islam.<br /></p><p align="justify">To: <em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">Their categorizing “Belligerent Islam Vs Pacifist Islam” !<br /></span></em></p><p align="justify">This is another mischievous attempt at distorting Islam!<br />By suggesting this, it attempts to deny the very meaning of the name "<em>Islam</em>” itself which also denotes “<em>peace, the way to peace</em>.” If their concern may be due perhaps to refer to that Islamic teaching which do condone ‘war’ or ‘killings’, but surely these must be seen in their relevant context.<br />As to the current Muslims state of affairs (especially in the Middle east), these must be studied in the whole context of socio-political climate with all their relevant historical reasons, causes etc.</p><p align="justify">Do not try to insinuate blame upon the religion. </p><p align="justify"><br /></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"><em></em></p><em><span style="color:#006600;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#006600;">" Their intention is to extinguish Allah's Light (by blowing) with their mouth, but Allah will complete (the revelation of) His Light, even though the unbelievers may detest it. It is He Who has sent His Messenger with Guidance and the Religion of Truth (al-Islam), that they may proclaim it over all religion, even though the Pagans may detest (it)."</span></em></p><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#006600;">(Qur'an: Saff: 61:8-9)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"><em>Jazaa-kumullaah al-khayr</em></p><p align="justify"><em>Wa billaahi Tau-fiq wal-Hidaaya</em><br /><em>Was-salaamu 'alay kum wa raHmatullaah<br /></em></p></strong></span>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-70580115058927169332008-05-01T21:16:00.000-07:002008-05-06T18:39:26.351-07:00 “Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) - the Final Messenger of God”<div align="right"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#333333;"><em><strong>FROM THE DESK OF USTAZ ZHULKEFLEE</strong></em></span></div><p align="center"><br /><span style="font-family:arial;color:#ff6666;"><strong><em>(Based on talk / presentation delivered in Masjid Darus-Salam, Clementi Singapore.)<br /></em></strong></span><br /><br /><br /></p><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;color:#000099;"><strong><em>Introduction</em></strong></span></div><div align="justify"><strong><em><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;color:#000099;"></span></em></strong></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong></strong></span></div><div align="center"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"><strong><em>The phenomenon of Revealed religion:</em></strong></span></div><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong><ul><li><div align="justify">We Muslims acknowledge that that there have been personalities (prophets) chosen by God, sanctified and guided to receive direct knowledge from God Himself termed as “<em>Wahyi</em>” revelations, through the ages.</div></li><li><div align="justify">All their message revolves around guiding mankind towards fulfilling their role on this earth through obedience to God’s Will as His vicegerents.</div></li><li><div align="justify">We believe that, to every nation there has been such personalities sent by God, except that such teachings over time may have disappeared or superceded by subsequent prophets – until the coming of the Final or Seal of the Prophethood – whose Message will remain preserved for posterity amongst mankind.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Being the Last Messenger, he was sent not to a particular nation or tribe as previous prophets were, but meant for all people.</div></li><li><div align="justify">That Messenger was Prophet Muhammad (may the salutations of Allah, peace and blessings be upon Him) – born in Makkah, migrated to Madina and established a model community, transformed people who were in darkness (ignorance) into light (of Faith and knowledge), which later bloomed to produce a truly cosmopolitan civilization – the “<em>Islamic Civilization</em>” that touched and benefitted many nations. </div></li><li><div align="justify">The simple message of the Oneness of God (<em>Tawhiid</em>) – which he re-established with God’s guidance, united its adherents towards manifesting the universal brotherhood of man, sharing the common responsibility to become God’s obedient servants and His representative on earth.</div></li></ul><em><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">“JazaAllahu Sayidina wa Nabiyyina Muhammad ‘an-naa khay-ran<br />bimaa huwa ah-luh ”</span></em></p><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">“Allaahumma-solli ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘alaa aali<br />Muhammad”</span></em></p></blockquote></em><p align="justify"><em></em></p><p align="left"><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;"><em>Commandment for Muslims to be grateful:</em></span><br /></p><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;">"Allah did confer a great favour on the Believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves, rehearsing unto them the Signs of Allah, sanctifying them and instructing them in Scripture and Wisdom, while before that, they had been in manifest error.”<br />(Qur’an: Aali Imran: 3: 164)</span></em></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></span></em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">Some facts about Muhammad (pbuh):</span></p></blockquote><ul><li><div align="justify">His honourable lineage and early upbringing was known to all in Makkah.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Acknowledged, even by his adversaries of his time as “one who is the truthful and the trustworthy (<em>As-sadiq al-Aamin</em>)”.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Was an illiterate <em>(“ummiy</em>” - unlettered), who never had any social, political, economical aspirations for 40 years before.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Yet, consider his initial experience of the first revelation:</div></li></ul><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Read! (or proclaim, recite) In the name of Thy Lord and Sustainer Who created – Created man out of a mere clot: Read for thy Lord is Most Bountiful – He Who taught (the use of) the Pen – Taught man that which he knew not.”<br />(Qur’an: al-’Alaq : 96: 1-5)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"><blockquote><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">What was main Message brought by him?</span></em></blockquote></span></em><p align="center"><span style="color:#000000;"><em>Tawhiid (True Attestation to the Oneness of God):</em></span></p><span style="color:#cc0000;"><em><p align="center"><br /></em></span><span style="color:#000099;"><em>“Laa - ilaa –ha -il-lAllaah,<br />Muham-madur - Ra-suu - lullaah”</em></span></p><blockquote><p align="center"><span style="color:#003300;"><em>(That there is none to be worshipped as god, except Allah [the One Who alone is the Divine]; and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah)</em></span></p><p><span style="color:#003300;"><em></em></span></p><p><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">What was the Message that he received from God?</span></em></p></blockquote><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">Clarifying to the polytheist of Makkah thge question as to <span style="font-size:130%;">"Who is Allah (God)?"</span> , the following was revealed as the response:</span></em></div></li></ul><p align="justify"><span style="color:#000000;">Mankind may speak of God, the Divine Being; yet they ascribe to things in nature (obviously part of creation, not the Creator) and regard it as that god. They even subscribe to the idea of multiplicity of God; and erroneously apply human imagination with its anthropomorphic tendencies, to the extent that absurdities and myth, incarnation and idolatry, etc. concerning God were accepted as truth. The Makkan were such people. So when they confronted Muhammad and ask him to explain who God is, the reply came in perfect Arabic; brief, and yet profoundly latent with the truth that subsequent theologians and philosophers could not fault:</span></p><em><span style="color:#003300;"><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Say (O Muhammad): He (God) is Allah, the One and and Only;<br />Allah (God), the Eternal, Absolute; </span></em><em><span style="color:#003300;">He begets not, nor was He<br />begotten; and there is none Like unto Him”<br />(Qur’an : al- Ikhlash: 112: 1-4)</span></em></span></em></p><p align="justify"></p><blockquote></blockquote><ul><li><div align="justify"></span></em></span></em><em><span style="color:#000099;">And as regarding <span style="font-size:130%;">himself vis-à-vis his mission</span>, God commands him to say, inter alia, the following:</span></em></div></li></ul></blockquote><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">"Say (O Muhammad) : “O Men! I am sent unto you all, as the Messenger of Allah, to Whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth: there is no god but He: it is He that gives both life and death. So believe in Allah and His Messenger - the unlettered Prophet, who believes in Allah and His Words: follow him so that you may be guided.”<br />(Qur’an : al- A'raf 7: 158)</span></em></p><p align="justify"></p></blockquote></span></em><p></p><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Say (O Muhammad) :’I am but a man like yourselves, (but) the inspiration (from God) has come to me, that your God is One God: whoever expects to meet his Lord, let him work righteousness, and in the worship of his Lord, admit no one as partner (to God).”<br />(Qur’an : al- Kahfi : 18 : 110)</span></em></p><p align="justify"></span></em></p></blockquote><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Say (O Muhammad): ‘Show me those you have joined with Him (God) as partners: by no means (can you). Nay, He is Allah the Exalted in Power, the<br />Wise.’<br />We have not sent you (O Muhammad) but as a universal Messenger for all<br />mankind, giving glad tidings and warning them against sin, but most men<br />understand not.”<br />(Qur’an : Saba’ : 34 : 27-28)</span></em></p><p align="justify"></span></em></p></blockquote><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Say (O Muhammad): ‘If you do love Allah (God), follow me: Allah (God) will love you and forgive you your sins: for Allah (God) is Oft-Forgiving, Most<br />Merciful.”<br />(Qur’an : aali ‘Imran : 3 : 31)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">And<span style="font-size:130%;"> his message for all</span>, God commands him to say, inter alia, the following:</span></em></div></li></ul><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Whoever works acts if righteousness and has (true) Faith – his endeavour will not be rejected: We shall record it in his favour.”<br />(Qur’an : al- Anbiya’ : 21 : 94)</span></em></p><p align="justify"></p></blockquote></span></em><ul><li><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">He brought the <span style="font-size:130%;">Glad tidings regarding the message of the Mercy and forgiveness from God</span> for all</span></em> :</div></li></ul><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Say (O Muhammad): ‘O my Servants who have transgressed against their souls! Despair not of the Mercy of Allah: for Allah forgives all sins for He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. Turn ye to your Lord (in repentance) and bow to His Will, before the penalty comes on you: after that ye shall not be help. And follow the Best (of courses) revealed to you from your Lord, before the penalty comes on you while you – of a sudden, while ye perceive it not! –”<br />(Qur’an : al- Zumar : 39 : 53-55)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#000099;">And to the <span style="font-size:130%;">People of the book</span> he was commanded to clarify:</span></em> <p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;"><em><span style="color:#003333;"><em><span style="color:#003333;"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Say :O People of the Book! Let us come to common terms as between us and you: that we worship none but the One God (Allah) that we do not ascribe any partners with Him; that we erect not from among ourselves Lords and Patrons other than God (Allah).” If they turn back then say ye (O Muhammad): ‘Bear witness (at least) that we are Muslims (those who bow to Allah’s Will)<br />(Qur’an : ali-'Imran : 3 : 64)</span></em></span></em></span></em></span></em></p></blockquote></div></li></ul><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003333;"></span></em></blockquote><blockquote><p align="justify"><br /></p><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Say : We believe in Allah (the One and only God), and in that which has been sent down upon us and upon Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob, and the tribes, and that which was given to Moses and Jesus and the prophets of their Lord; we make no division between any of them, and to Him (Allah) we surrender (as<br />Muslims).”<br />(Qur’an : al-Baqarah : 2 : 136)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em></blockquote><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">And towards these people on whom previous revelations have been sent (People of the Book):</span></em></div></li></ul><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“O People of the Book! There has now come to you Our Messenger, revealing to you much that you used to hide in the Book and passing over much (that you regard as unnecessary): there has come to you from Allah (God) a (new) light and a perspicuous Book wherewith Allah guides all who seek His good pleasure to ways of peace and safety, and leads them out of darkness, by His Will, unto the light – guides them to a Path that is Straight.”<br />(Qur’an : al- Maa-’idah : 5 : 15-16)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Say: ‘O People of the Book! Exceed not in your religion the bounds (of what is proper), trespassing beyond the Truth, nor follow the vain desires of people who went wrong in times gone by – who misled many, and strayed (themselves from the even Way.”<br />(Qur’an : al- Maa-’idah : 5 : 77)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000066;">And regarding the message of <span style="font-size:130%;">Prophet ‘Isa (Jesus),</span> Muhammad was commanded to say</span></em>: </div></li></ul><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p><em><span style="color:#003333;">“They do blaspheme who say ‘God is Christ the son of Mary.’ But said Christ: ‘O Children of Israel! Worship Allah (the One God), my Lord and your Lord.’ Whoever join other as gods with Allah (God) – Allah will forbid him the Garden, and the Fire will be his abode. There will be, for the wrongdoers, no one to help.”<br />(Qur’an : al- Maa-’idah : 5 : 72)</span></em></p><p></p><p align="center"><span style="color:#ff0000;">---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></p><p></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#cc0000;"><blockquote><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#cc0000;">Muhammad – the Awaited Prophet.</span></em></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Say (O Muhammad): Do you see? Whether this message (teaching) be from Allah and yet you reject it, and a witness from among the Children of Israel bore witness of one like him………...”<br />(Qur’an : Ahqaf: 46: 10)</span></em></p><p></p><p></p><p></span></em>Many Muslims scholars understand this as reference, a prophecy concerning him as being in the likeness of Moses a.s. - as recorded even in the present day Bible in Old Testament Book of Deuteronomy 18 : 18 :-</p><p></p></blockquote><p align="justify"></p><span style="color:#ff0000;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="color:#ff0000;"><em><span style="font-family:times new roman;">“I will raise up for them a prophet like unto you (O Moses) from amongst their brethren; and I will put My words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him. And whoever will not give heed to My words which he shall speak in My name, I Myself will require it of him."</span></em></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#ff0000;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><em>(Book of Deutronomy -18:18)</em></span></span></p><p></p></blockquote></span><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify">Who were the brethren to the Children of Isra'il? Do note that the Quraysh Arabs were descended from Prophet Ishmael (<em>Isma'il</em> a.s.) the first-born son to Prophet Abraham (<em>Ibrahi</em>m a.s.), thus related to the Jew as he was a brethren to the Prophet Isaac (Ishaq a.s.) although both had different mothers.The use of phrase "<em>their brethren</em>" would imply that of the Ishmalite line, and not descendants of Isaac (the children of Israil) because, if it were to be so, then the appropriate term would be "<em>from among them</em>." </div></li></ul><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify">Also, the phrase "<span style="font-family:times new roman;font-size:130%;"><em><span style="font-size:100%;color:#ff0000;">and I will put My words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him. And whoever will not give heed to My words which he shall speak in My name</span>.."</em></span> is unmistakably referring to Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. This can be borne out from the manner the Qur'an was revealed, ad verbetim to him who was illiterate (<em>ummiy</em>), in perfect Arabic unknown to anyone and which they cannot produce a likeness to it; intermittent the revelation proclaim God's name e,g. in the first revelation "<em>Read in the name of thy Lord who creates</em> .." and intermittently the phrase <em>"In the Name of God, Most Gracious, Most Merciful</em>."</div></li></ul><ul><li><div align="justify">As regards the many similarities betweem Moses and Muhammad (may peace and blessings of Allah be upon them both), let us compare:</div></li></ul><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#663366;">------------------------------------------- comparative chart --------------------------------------------</span></em></p><p align="center"><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#993399;">PROPHET MUSA (MOSES) A.S.:</span></em></p><ol><li><div align="justify">Separated from his mother and adopted by the leading man in power (Pharaoh).</div></li><li><div align="justify">Well-loved by all in the court of Pharaoh.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Gave up life in Pharaoh's court and spent time in the wilderness around the Sinai peninsula. </div></li><li><div align="justify">Married and had a family before becoming a prophet (he married the daughter of Jethro - in the Qur'an referred to as prophet "<em>Shu'ayb</em>" a.s.)</div></li><li><div align="justify">Experienced first revelation in the Mountain (<em>Sinai</em>).</div></li><li><div align="justify">Preached the clear message of the Absolute Oneness of God. “<em>Hear O Israel! Your Lord God is One God</em>.”</div></li><li><div align="justify">Commanded to preach to the people in power (i.e.<em> Pharaoh</em>), who knew him.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Has his brother Aaron (<em>Harun</em> a.s.) to assist in his mission throughout, acted as his vizier discharging his responsibilty as well as assume guardianship of his family during Moses' absence when he climbed Mt. Sinai.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Experience beatific vision of the presence of God in the sacred valley of <em>Tuwa</em> in<br />Mount Sinai - encountering the burning bush, had interlocution with God, and receiving the ten commandments direct from God.</div></li><li><div align="justify">He was at first rejected by his people but in the end was accepted as the Messenger of God.</div></li><li><div align="justify">His life and his people were threatened and oppressed, yet managed to bring his people safely out of the land of oppression through “<em>Exodus</em>”, and established a community, governed over them by the Law of God (Torah or "<em>Taurah</em>").</div></li><li><div align="justify">Had to face enemies within his community (the hypocrites); they introduced the 'golden calf' to undermine Moses' teaching and authority; but this was smashed and destroyed, the perpetrators exposed and condemned by God.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Had both spiritual and temporal powers; and like a sovereign he had power of life and death over his people.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Was assisted by many miracles; God brought down hosts fro heaven to route his enemies who were out to wage war against his people.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Was successful in his mission; left his community with a legacy and guidance.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Died at an old age and buried on this earth.<br /></div></li></ol><p align="center"><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#cc33cc;">PROPHET MUHAMMAD S.A.W.:</span></em></p><p align="justify"></p><div align="justify"><ol><li><div align="justify">Separated from his mother and adopted by the leading man in power (<em>Quraysh</em> leader).</div></li><li><div align="justify">Well-loved by all in the council of the <em>Quraysh</em>.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Kept away from the <em>Quraysh</em> way and spent time in the mountain outside Makkah.</div></li><li>Married and had a family before becoming a prophet (he married the <em>Khadijah</em> daughter of <em>Khuwailid</em>).</li><li><div align="justify">Experienced first revelation in the Mountain (<em>Jabal Nur</em>).</div></li><li><div align="justify">Preached the clear message of the Absolute Oneness of God. “<em>There is no god except Allah (the One and Only God</em>)”</div></li><li><div align="justify">Commanded to preach to the people in power (i.e. the <em>Quraysh</em>), who knew him.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Has Ali ibn Abu Talib r.a., his cousin likened as brother, who assisted his mission through out, who remained in Makkah to discharge all the trusts as well as act as guardianship over the prophet' household, when Muhammad s.a.w. left on the Hijrah with Abu Bakr r.a.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Was miraclously brought on the night journey "<em>Isra'</em> " and then transported up "mi'raj" to witness the beatific presence of God in the highest heaven "<em>Sidratul-muntaha</em>", where he had direct audience with God, and recieved the commandments for the 5 daily devotions "<em>Swolah</em>" directly from God..</div></li><li><div align="justify">He was at first rejected by his people but in the end was accepted as the Messenger of God.</div></li><li><div align="justify">His life and his people were threatened and oppressed, yet managed to bring his people safely out of the land of oppression through “<em>Hijrah</em>”, and established a community, governed over them by the Law of God (Qur’an and the Sunnah).</div></li><li><div align="justify">Had spiritual and temporal powers; and like a sovereign he had power of life and death over his people.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Had to face enemies within (the hypocrites -"<em>munaafiqun</em>"), they buid a mosque(<em>masjid dirar</em>) to undermine Muhammad's teachings and authority; but this was burned and destroyed, the perpetrators exposed and condemned by God.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Was assisted with many miracles; God sent down angels from heaven to route his enemies in wars waged against him by the Quraysh, especially in the of Battle of <em>Badr</em>.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Was successful in his mission; left his community with a legacy and guidance.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Died at an old age; and was buried on this earth.</div></li></ol></div><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify">And after Moses a.s. there has not been one prophet from the Children of Israil that can fit this description. Even at the time of prophets John the baptist (Yahya a.s.) and Jesus son of Mary ('Isa a.s.). the Jews were waiting for fulfilment of 3 more prophecies and asking the question at that time : "Are you Elijah?, or are you the Messiah?, or are you THAT prophet?"</p><p align="justify">If we consider John (Yahya a.s.) as the Elijah, the one who herald the coming of the Messiah. And in the presentday Gospel, Jesus a.s. begun his mission only after he was baptised by John. And Jesus son of Mary ('Isa a.s.) is acknowledged not just y Christians, but even in the Qur'an as the "<em>al-Maseeh</em>" (literally the equivalent to the "Messiah" - meaning the "Christ", the "Anointed"). So the last that is left to be fullfilled is " THAT Prophet" - and Biblical scholar would cross-reference this personality to Deutronomy 8:18 . Muhammad s.a.w. who came about 500 years after Jesus a.s. fits the description perfectly. </p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#cc33cc;">------------------------------------------- end of comparative chart ------------------------------------</span></em></p><p align="justify"><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;">Prophet Muhammad's (s.a.w.) important Legacy.</span></em></p><p align="justify"><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;"></span></em></p><p><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;"></span></em></p><ul><li><span style="color:#000066;">The Last Book of Revelation from God – “<em>Al-Qur’an</em>”.</span></li></ul><p></p><ul><li><span style="color:#000066;">The Way of Life (<em>As-Sunnah</em>) of God’s Messenger through the corpus called “<em>Ahadith</em>”.</span></li></ul><p></p><ul><li><div align="justify"><span style="color:#000099;">He re-established the true faith of Prophet Abraham (Ibrahim a.s.) - the common ancestor to Monotheistic religion – and restored the<em> Ka’bah</em> (which was built by Abraham) as the Symbol to unite mankind under the Message of the unity of God (<em>Tawhid</em>). For he (Muhammad) was that Awaited Prophet promised to Abraham; and whose coming was prophesized by Moses and Jesus.</span></div></li></ul><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify"><span style="color:#000099;">The “<em>faithful community</em>” that adhere to its teachings (termed as <em>Shari’ah</em>), which seeks to perfect human conditions through two approaches:</span></div></li></ul><blockquote><ol><li><div align="justify">Correcting and perfecting the practices and customs of<br />society in general – <span style="color:#003333;">“<em>inviting towards what is good,<br />enjoining what is right and forbidding wrong</em>”;</span></div></li><li><div align="justify">At the individual level: Educating and perfecting the noble<br />character and virtues of people – the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. said : “<em><span style="color:#003333;">I have not been raised up as a Prophet except (as the educator and<br />best exemplar) to perfect the nobility of character of<br />man</span></em>”</div></li></ol><p align="justify"></p></blockquote><ul><li><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">Commandment for Muslims to build a model community of universal brotherhood, as Witnesses so that others may witness the Way of life of the God-fearing:</span></em></div></li></ul><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p><em><span style="color:#003333;">Thus have We made you an Ummah (community) that (with your lives) you might be witnesses over the nations, and the Messenger a witness over<br />yourselves;”<br />(Qur’an Al-Baqarah : 2: 143)</span></em> </p><p></p><p></p></blockquote></span></em><ul><li><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">Commandment to share the message of Truth with all people through peaceful dialogue, but always respecting the basic rights of every people viz.:</span></em></div></li></ul><p align="justify">a. right to practice their religion (no coercion);<br />b. right and sanctity of every human life;<br />c. right to preservation of the intellect (right to Truth, every beneficial knowledge);<br />d. right to individual ownership of property;<br />e. right to family and dignity (progeny and preservation of good name);</p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">To co-operate with every people in common virtues :</span></em></div></li></ul><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Verily Allah does command towards the upholding of Justice, the doing of good, liberality towards kith and kin, and He forbids all shameful deeds, injustice and rebellion.” </span></em><em><span style="color:#003333;">(Qur’an: an-Nahlu:16: 90)</span></em></p><p align="justify"></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">An important advice of Prophet Muhammad for Muslims: </span></em></div></li></ul><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“Be conscious of Allah at every place (and moment), if you committed a wrong (desist) and follow it up by doing good works as reparation, and interact with all people by exuding goodly and noble conduct.” </span></em><em><span style="color:#003333;">(Hadith of the Prophet)</span></em></p><p align="justify"></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><ul><li><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">God’s Message towards mutual coexistence amongst Mankind.</span></em></div></li></ul><p align="justify"></p><em><span style="color:#003333;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003333;">“O Mankind! Verily We have created you from a single (pair) of a male and a female, and have made you into nations and tribes, that you may know each other (not that you despise each other). Verily the most honoured of you in the sight of Allah is (he who is) the most Righteous and God-fearing amongst you. And Allah is well-acquainted (with all things).”<br />(Qur’an: Al-Hujurat : 49: 13)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"><br /><em><span style="color:#003333;"></p><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003333;">“But seek, with the (wealth) which Allah has bestowed on you, the home of the Hereafter, nor forget thy portion in this world: but do good towards others has Allah has been good to you, and seek not (occasions) for mischief in the land: for Allah loves not those who do mischief.”<br />(Qur’an: Al-Qasas: 28: 77)</span></em></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify">May Allah, the Most Compassionate and Merciful God, grants us His Guidance and strength, to open our hearts to accept His Mercy – for <span style="color:#003300;">“<em>You (O Muhammad) has not been sent, except as a Mercy for all (of Allah’s creature)</em>”</span> (Qur’an: al- Anbiya’ : 21: 107).</p><p align="justify"></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#000099;"><em></em></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#000099;"><em></em></span></p><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">“Wabillaahi - taufiq wa- al-Hidaa -yah” </span></em></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#ff0000;"><em>“WAS-SALAAM” : May the blessings of Peace be upon everyone who follow the Guidance</em>.</span></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#ff0000;"></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#ff0000;"></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="color:#ff0000;">===========================================================================</span></p><p></p></strong></span>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-1090705902579560612008-05-01T09:54:00.000-07:002008-05-01T10:42:14.521-07:00SEXUAL RELATIONSHIP: THE ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE<div align="right"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#666666;"><strong><em>FROM THE DESK OF USTAZ ZHULKEFLEE</em></strong></span></div><br /><br /><br /><div align="center"><strong><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.</span></em></strong></div><br /><br /><div align="justify"><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">INTRODUCTION</span></em><br /><br />Islam is a system of living that supports the full realization of man’s potentials and needs. It recognizes the sexual needs of man and does not view sex as something profane. It also provides the necessary guidance for the proper achievement of sexual fulfillment without sacrificing the morality of man.<br /><br />Islam also recognizes that our sexual needs are a natural and positive mechanism and it is a gift from Allah for us. Obsession with the subject of sex to arouse lustful passion, thereby unleashing the drive without due regard to responsibility, is profanity. In the context of marriage, knowledge on sexuality, how it is to be fully benefited, is very important for it is one of the means of acknowledging the favours of Allah:<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And among His Signs is this, that He created for you wives from among yourselves, that you may find repose in them, and He has put between your hearts, affection and mercy.Verily, in that are indeed signs for people who reflect.” <br /> (Quran :ArRum:30:21)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">2. THE SEXUAL POTENTIAL IN MAN</span></em><br /><br />The sexual potential in human beings is natural. In Islam, we are taught that the age of puberty is determined by:<br /><br />• Age: 15 lunar years for boys or 9 lunar years for girls; or<br />• Internal change: in boys, when they experience a wet dream; and in girls, when they begin to experience menstruation; or<br />• Physical change: when there is growth of coarse hair around the genitals.<br /><br />Not only does Islam recognize the sexual needs of man as a natural development, it also stresses the nurturing of it rather than suppressing it. Thus, it highly recommends marriage and regards it as a righteous deed. Islam considers marriage as an aid and not as a hindrance to the spiritual development of man. Hence, Islam opposes celibacy (a vow to abstain from sex) and monasticism (the way of life of a monk).<br /><br />If, for some reason, a Muslim is unable to marry soon after becoming sexually mature, Islam advocates abstinence from sexual activities through regular fasting and by being involved in beneficial physical activities. Premarital sex is considered as fornication (<em>Zina</em>) and is forbidden. So too are such unnatural acts of homosexuality, lesbianism and masturbation. Our beloved Prophet Muhammad (<em>pbuh)</em> has advised early marriage for the youths that are capable:<br /><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#009900;"><blockquote><p><em><span style="color:#009900;">“0 Assembly of youth, whoever amongst you is able to make a home let him get married for it will very much avert one’s eyes from lustful sights, and is most chasteful for the private parts; whoever is not able then he should fast, because it will repulse him therefrom.” </span></em></p><p><em><span style="color:#009900;"> (Hadith narrated by Bukhari)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;"><em>3. COMPARATIVE VIEWS ON SEX & PIETY</em></span><br /><br />In other religious or moral systems, sex has been regarded as a hindrance towards spiritual development. Thus, celibacy is regarded as meritorious and piety is seen as totally opposed to sexuality. Sex is inherently considered bad and irreligious and should be discarded in a person’s quest towards religious piety.<br /><br />On the other extreme, the sexual revolution, which started in the West, facilitated by the efficient media and has now spread to the other parts of the world, lacks the stress on responsibility (morality). Some even go to the extent of glorifying “<em>sex</em>”, perhaps a form of reaction towards the hypocrisy advocated by other religious or moral systems. This could be the main cause for the general degradation of morality in society.<br /><br />Islam is contrary to both these extremes. It advocates balance and has never been faced with such dilemma. Sexuality has never been seen as contrary to piety. They are both necessary and complimentary. Indeed, Islam even teaches us that the proper fulfillment of our sexual needs is important to the development of piety.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">4. AN OBJECTIVE OF MARRIAGE</span></em><br /><br />One of the objectives of marriage is to ensure the proper and healthy sexual fulfillment of both husband and wife. Islam considers this as crucial for their religious development. The Prophet Muhammad (<em>pbuh</em>) advises those who marry when he said:<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#009900;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#009900;">“When the servant of Allah marries, he has fulfilled half the responsibilities laid on him by the faith (Islam), let him (therefore) observe Taqwa (the consciousness and fear of Allah) on matters concerning the remaining half” <br /> (Hadith)<br /></span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">5. IMMORAL SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR</span></em><br /><br />Infidelity and casual sex are immoral sexual activities, as they do not carry the moral responsibilities necessary for a safe and healthy lifestyle. The social problems created by such immoral sexual behavior are detrimental to society.<br /><br />When we discuss sexuality, we must consider several important aspects that form the very foundation of society. They are the institution of the family, the status of women, the medical and spiritual well being of the individual and the welfare of the general public which can be affected by the sexual practices of the society in which they live.<br /><br />It is unrealistic to enforce a totally moral society in which everyone conforms to an exact behavior, publicly and privately. Such rigidity is not what Islam advocates. Islam recognizes individual freedom, especially when it involves people of other faiths. However, when the behavior of certain individual jeopardizes the interests of society, then the latter must be safeguarded.<br /><br />Therefore, the education of citizens and the provision of healthy lifestyles become necessary, and safeguarding the society may include legal sanctions against those who indulge themselves in such immoral sexual activities. Marriage is therefore encouraged as it brings about a safe and healthy lifestyle.<br /><br />A sort of “<em>quarantine</em>” has been suggested in Islam regarding those who lead permissive lifestyles i.e. to marry persons of similar tendencies. As for Believers, they are enjoined to look for partners who are known to be chaste. This moral law can perhaps contain or limit the dangers of promiscuity from affecting the Muslim community. Allah s.w.t. teaches us in the Qur'an that:<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">Women impure are for men impure, and men impure are for women impure, and women of purity are for men of purity, and men of purity are for women of purity: These are innocent of all what people say: For them there is forgiveness and a provision honourable. <br /> (Quran: An Nur 24: 26)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br />Islam has regarded infidelity, casual sex and indecency as harmful and social evils. Such ways of life affect society in many ways, such as marital breakdowns, the problem of unwed mothers, illegitimate children, sexual crimes, the spread of sexually transmitted diseases, etc. Those who advocate other contrary views, whether it is free sex or abstinence from sex surely cannot provide meaningful solutions to these problems. Marriage, on the other hand, has all along been the most natural solution to such social problems and Islam highly encourages it as an important institution to be preserved.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">6. RESPECT FOR OUR BODIES</span></em><br /><br />Everything that we have been favoured with, are gifts from Allah s.w.t. He is <em>Al-Khaaliq</em> (the Creator),<em> Al-Baari-’u</em> (the Fashioner/Evolver) and <em>Al-Musawwir</em> (the Bestower of forms and colour). As Believers, acknowledgement of who Allah is, requires the inculcation of respect for all that Allah has created. This must begin with our loved ones and us. We are also reminded that all our organs will be questioned in the hereafter. Thus we are not to abuse or misuse them:<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And those who guard their chastity (i.e. their private parts, from illegal sexual acts) except from their wives or that their right hands possess, for them, they are free from blame; But whosoever seeks beyond that, then those are the transgressors.<br /> (Quran: Al-Mu’minun: 23:5-7)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br />Respect and responsibility must also be shown to others, especially to our spouses. We are to remember that in the hereafter, Allah s.w.t. will judge us for all our actions:<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“On the Day when their tongues, their hands and their feet will bear witness against them as to what they used to do.” <br /> (Quran: An Nur: 24:24)<br /></span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><br /><br /><br /><br />We are to be grateful to Allah for giving us our spouses and we should remember that:<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Your wives are as a tilth unto you; so approach your tilth when or how ye will; but do some good act for your souls beforehand; And fear Allah, And know that ye are to meet Him (in the hereafter), and give (these) good tidings to those who believe.”<br /> (Quran: Al Baqarah: 2:223)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">7. SEX (IN MARRIAGE) - AS AN ACT OF OBEDIENCE TO ALLAH S.WT.</span></em><br /><br />Islam, being a total way of life, encompasses every human activity. The guidance provided in Islam teaches us the norms of behavior. It tells us what we can or cannot do and these are termed as <em>HUKM</em> (rules). A Muslim is therefore always conscious of being obedient to Allah by conforming to these rules. Even sex, when conforming to His guidance, is regarded as an act of obedience to Allah s.w.t.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">8. THE WEDDING NIGHT</span></em><br /><br />It is encouraged that the husband performs a two <em>raka’at</em> sunnat prayer, after which, to give thanks to Allah s.w.t., supplicates to Him and ask for His blessings relating to the marriage, as in the following do’a:<br /><br /><span style="color:#ff0000;"><em>“0 Allah! Bless me with her affection and her acceptance of me; and make me be pleased with her, and bring us together in the best form of union and in absolute harmony; surely You like what is lawful and dislike the unlawful things.”<br /></em></span><br />The wife is to do the same, following the example of the husband. And when they are ready to go to bed, the husband should put his hands on his wife’s forehead and supplicate (<em>do’a</em>) to Allah s.w.t. while facing the direction of the Qiblah to ask Him:<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">“0 Allah! I have taken her as Your trust (Amanah) and have made her lawful for myself by Your words. Therefore, if you have decreed a child from her, then make him/her a blessed and pious Muslim and do not let Satan have any part in him/her.”</span><br /><br /></em><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">9. WHEN TO HAVE SEXUAL INTERCOURSE?</span></em><br /><br />It is a private decision but consideration must be given to each other’s feelings.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">10. WHEN IS SEXUAL INTERCOURSE FORBIDDEN (HARAM) ?</span></em><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">(a) During Menstruation and Post-Natal Bleeding</span></em><br /><br />Considering the discomfort ladies experience during menstruation (haidh) and post-natal bleeding (nifas), Islam has forbidden sex on these occasions.<br /><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“They ask thee concerning women‘s courses; Say: They are a hurt and a pollution; So keep away from women in their courses, and do not approach them until they are clean, but when they have purified themselves, ye may approach them as ordained for you by Allah; For Allah loves those who turn to Him constantly and He loves those who keep themselves pure and clean.<br /> (Quran: Al Baqarah: 2: 222)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br />The duration of menstruation is more or less than 10 days. Bleeding if for less than 3 days is not menstruation. If it is more than 10 days (exceeding the normal), it is not considered as menstruation, but irregular bleeding (<em>Istihadzah</em>). Sexual intercourse is only forbidden during menstruation until she is cleansed.<br /><br />Sexual intercourse is also forbidden immediately after childbirth, when the mother experiences post-natal bleeding (<em>nifas</em>), sexual activities can be resumed after the bleeding has ceased and she has cleansed herself.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">(b) When Fasting</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">Permitted to you on the night of the fast, is the approach to your wives. They<br />are your garments and ye are their garments. <br /> (Quran: Al-Baqarah: 2:18 7)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br />Although sexual intercourse is allowed in the night of the fast, it is forbidden during fasting. Committing it will not only nullify (spoil) your fast, but you are also required to pay expiation (<em>kafarah</em>) by either freeing a slave, or fasting daily for 2 months consecutively, or feeding 60 poor people.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">(c) When in state of devotion (Ihram) during Pilgrimage</span></em><br /><br />When performing “<em>Umrah</em>” or “<em>Haj</em>j”, while one is in the state of “<em>Ihram</em>”, sexual activities are forbidden until one has completed all the rites and had exited from that state. Even your participation in a marriage ceremony is forbidden.<br /><br /></div><em><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">So whosoever intends to perform Hajj therein by assuming Ihram, then he should not have sexual relations nor commit sin, nor dispute unjustly during the Hajj<br /> (Quran: Al-Baqarah: 2: 197)</span></em></blockquote></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">11. WHEN IS SEXUAL INTERCOURSE UNDESIRABLE (MAKRUH)?</span></em><br /><br />Although, sexual intercourse is permissible other than during the above stated occasions, Islamic scholars nonetheless, deemed it undesirable (<em>makruh</em>) during frightful natural occurrences like during earthquake, hurricane, eclipse, etc. It is also undesirable during times where prayers and devotions are to be performed; like from dawn to sunrise, from sunset till Maghrib and during special religious occasions like the eve of 'Eid etc.; and also after one is in a state of “<em>Junub</em>” (state of major impurity i.e. before the obligatory bath “<em>ghusl</em>”) unless wudhu' (ablution) is re-taken.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">12. WHEN IS SEXUAL INTERCOURSE RECOMMENDED (SUNNAT)?</span></em><br /><br />It is recommended to have sexual intercourse on Friday and the night before (Thursday night). This is based on the subtle interpretation of a Hadith which the Prophet s.a.w. said: “<span style="color:#009900;"><em>Allah blesses those who bathed and is bathed (on Friday)</em>”.</span> And it is to be noted that Thursday & Friday are weekends in Islamic calendar.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">13. WHEN IS SEXUAL INTERCOURSE OBLIGATORY (WAJIB)?</span></em><br /><br />Marital maintenance (<em>Nafaqah</em>), which the husband has to provide for the wife, includes conjugal relationship. This obligation stays in force unless there is a valid excuse or the wife waives her right to it. It is the right of the wife to have sex with the husband twice a week. However, the frequency actually depends on the feelings, ability and desire of the couple. They should mutually understand each other’s needs. Nevertheless, it is obligatory upon the man to have sex with his wife at least once in every four months. It is obligatory for the wife to relent to his advances whenever he needs it. To refuse without just cause, thereby making him angry brings the curses of Allah and the angels upon her until dawn.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">14. THE INTIMATE RELATIONSHIP</span></em><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">(a) Strict Confidentiality</span></em><br /><br />It is forbidden for the couple to disclose to anyone, their intimate experiences, even after they are divorced. Islam demands strict confidentiality. It is disgusting to even listen to such conversations, and it reflects on the one who indulges in this as it shows a lack of respect not only of their spouses but also of themselves.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">(b) Observation of Hygiene and Beginning with the Do‘a</span></em><br /><br />It is the Sunnah of the Prophet s.a.w. to be in ‘wudhu’ prior to having sex with his wife. He would also clean his teeth and use sweet smelling perfume. The wife should also perfume and beautify herself for her husband. Her beauty is meant only for her husband’s admiration and not other’s. (Nowadays, some women have differed from this practice by trying to please others more than their husbands.) The Prophet s.a.w. would begin by reciting the BASMALAH and this DO’A:<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">“Bismillaah, Allaa-humma Jan-nib-na Minash Shai-twaan </span></em></div><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">Wa Jan-nibish Shai-twaa-na Maa Razaq-tana “.</span><br /><span style="color:#003300;">(In the name of Allah! O Allah, please keep us away from satan and keep satan away from all that which You give to us.)<br /></span></em><br />It is also the Sunnah of the Prophet that the couple to take ablution after this and before sleeping, or before another sexual intercourse.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">(c) Decency and Privacy</span></em><br /><br />Decency at home and privacy at certain times of the day and under certain circumstances is emphasized, especially if there are other people or children in the home. The Quran even stipulate guidelines on this matter:<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“0 you who believe! Let your legal slaves and those among you who have not come to the age of puberty ask permission (before they come to your presence) on three occasions: before morning prayer, and while you put off your clothes for the noonday (rest), and after the ‘Isyak prayer. (These) three times are of privacy for you; other than these times there is no sin on you or on them to move about, attending to each other. Thus Allah makes clear the verses to you. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-wise".<br /> (Quran: An-Nur: 24:58)<br /></span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">"And when the children among you come to puberty, then let them ask for permission, as those senior to them. Thus Allah makes clear the verses for you. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-wise." <br /> (Quran: An-Nur: 24:59).<br /></span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><br />Even while in the privacy of the bedroom, it is the sunnah of the Prophet s.a.w. to engage in sexual intercourse free of clothing but under a blanket. As human beings, we should maintain decency even when there is no one else around.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">(d) Foreplay</span></em><br /><br />Sex and the intimate relationship are favours of Allah for the couple. However, men often forget that women too have the sexual desire that they have. Although the husband may be sexually aroused, he should consider the feelings of his wife.<br /><br />He is therefore encouraged to engage in foreplay and stimulate his wife by speaking words of love, playfully teasing and kissing her. Sexual stimulation can be of various means except that Islam forbids the use of foreign objects. The couple can explore the various means of enhancing foreplay and this would go a long way towards developing affection and understanding.Prophet Muhammad [pbuh] is reported to have said:<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#009900;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#009900;">“Every game (leisurely-amusement) for men are worthless (batil) except in the practice of shooting (archery), horse-riding skill, and playful-jesting (foreplay) with the wife, all these are useful (truth).”<br /> (Hadith reported by Tirmidzi)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br />Islam recognizes that the sexual desire in women is greater than that of the men. However, they were also created with a greater modesty than that of the men. Yet, Islam encourages the wife to shed her shyness and “<em>unleash</em>’ her modesty during the intimate relationship. She should otherwise cloak her chastity with modesty and shyness to others.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">(e) Sexual intercourse</span></em><br /><br />Islam does not forbid any particular position; be it the man above face-to-face, woman above face to face, side-by-side or even from the rear so long as it is into the vagina. The <em>Shari’ah</em> encourages the couple to explore whatever positions as they wish and whatever positions that suit them. However, due to safety reasons, “acrobatic positions” which may hurt and injure are discouraged.<br /><br /><br />Naturally, it is hoped that through sexual intercourse, Allah will bestow the couple with a child. Therefore, when ejaculating, the husband should let his penis remain in the wife’s vagina and not to immediately remove it. The wife should co-operate by closely embracing him to allow penetration to the fullest.<br /><br />The husband should accomplish his responsibility to fulfill his wife’s sexual needs by assisting her in achieving orgasm. A selfish behaviour on the part of the husband would lead to frustration for the wife. The Prophet s. a.w. is reported to have said: <em><span style="color:#009900;">“You are to satisfy them (your wives) because (sexual) satisfaction for them lies in their vagina.”</span><br /></em><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">(f) Anal Intercourse forbidden</span></em><br /><br />The Prophet s.a.w. said:<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#009900;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#009900;">“Whosoever have sexual intercourse with his wife while she is in menstruation, or through her anus, or visits a fortune teller and believing in his predictions; then he has rejected the Truth of Allah’s revelation to Muhammad”<br /> (Hadith reported by Four Mahaddithun except An-Nasa'i)<br /></span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><br />Thus, Islam forbids anal intercourse. Reports concerning sexual intercourse from the rear is not to be misunderstood as through the anus, as is clear from another Hadith of the Prophet s.a.w.:<br /><em><br /></div><span style="color:#009900;"><blockquote><span style="color:#009900;">“You may (have sexual intercourse) from the front or from the rear, as long as it is in her vagina”. <br /> (Hadith reported by Bukhary & Muslim)</span></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#6600cc;">MAY ALLAH GUIDE OUR FUTURE GENERATIONS AND US. </span></em></div><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#6600cc;">MAY HE INCLUDE US AMONGST THOSE WHO ARE RIGHTLY GUIDED. </span></em></div><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#6600cc;">IT IS TO HIM WE SHALL ALL RETURN. </span></em></div><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#6600cc;">O ALLAH! BLESS MUHAMMAD AND HIS FAMILY AND INCLUDE<br />US ALL AMONGST YOUR RIGHTEOUS AND CHOSEN SERVANTS. </span></em></div><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#6600cc;">VERILY ALL PRAISES ARE UNTO YOU! </span></em></div><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#6600cc;">AA-MIN YAA ROBBAL ‘AA-LAMEEN.</span><br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;">WABIL-LAAH-HI TA UFIQ WAL HIDAA-YAH </span></em></div><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">WAS-SALAAMU ‘ALAY KUM </span></em></div><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">WARAH­-MA TULLAAHI WA BARAKAA TUH.</span><br /><br /></em></strong></span><br /> </div>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-74900883716351371752008-05-01T08:49:00.000-07:002008-05-01T09:25:25.842-07:00MARRIAGE FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE<div align="right"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#333333;"><strong><em>FROM THE DESK OF USTAZ ZHULKEFLEE</em></strong></span></div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div align="center"><strong><em><span style="color:#330033;">In the Name of Allah Most Gracious Most Merciful</span></em></strong></div><br /><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong><em><span style="color:#000099;">Introduction</span></em><br /><br />Islam is not just a religion but a complete way of life. It provides guidance in every aspect of life covering from personal devotions, to matters of family development, social transactions, administration of public welfare and security, judicial matters, distribution of wealth, striving for truth and justice and even leadership and public administration.<br /><br />It has to be noted that when one speaks of “<em>worship</em>”, in the Islamic concept it is not limited to acts of personal devotions and rites alone. The Arabic word “ <em>‘ibaadah</em>” (usually translated as worship) is derived from the root word “ <em>‘abd</em>” which means “<em>a slave or servant</em>” and thus it encompasses every conscious efforts in ones life which as Muslim , we are to “<em>submit our will to the will of God</em>.” Thus on the subject of marriage, Muslims sees it also as an act of serving God and is to be done in accordance with the principles which He (High and Exalted is He) has stipulated and emulating the ways of His Messenger Muhammad (salutations and peace be upon him and his family).<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">What is marriage ?</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;"><p><br />“And among His signs is this, that He created for you (“azwaaj” - plural for “zawj”) mates from among yourselves, that you may dwell (live) in tranquillity with them, and He has put love and mercy between your hearts. Undoubtedly in these are signs for those who reflect.” </p><p> (Qur’an : ar-Rum : 30 : 21)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br />The word “<em>zawj</em>” is used in the Qur’an to denote “<em>the other half of a pair</em>” or “<em>mate</em>”. The act of the two (male and female) coming together is called “<em>nikah</em>” (marriage). Islam stresses that it is in the nature of man to seek his partner in life. But unlike the animals, man is a rational and a social being. There are higher ideals and objectives to “<em>marriage</em>” than simply for copulation. The attainment of tranquillity, love and mercy is mentioned by God in the above verse. Therefore to understand “<em>marriage</em>” from Islamic perspective, we need to firstly understand man’s nature and his purpose for living. We believe none except our Creator (God) alone knows what is best for man and therefore Islam is also sometimes called “<em>Ad-deenul-fitrah</em>” (the natural religion) whose laws are there conforming with the nature and needs of mankind. And for man to develop fully his humanity, marriage is seen as complementary rather than as an obstacle. Fulfillment of his sexual needs through marriage is viewed as an act of “worship” and not (as in some other religion) as something profane.<br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;"><span style="font-size:130%;"><em>Family - an Islamic perspective.</em><br /></span></span><br />Islam emphasizes the preservation and perpetuation of family as an institution. Thus marriage being the vital means for the formation of new family, must also be uphold. Without the institution of marriage, the family institution will be destroyed. And it is within the family structure that such important aspects of protection, nurturing and education of women and children are possible as well as enhancing the dignity of individuals and the preservation of their honour.<br /><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“O you assembly of young men, whoever amongst you is able to set up a home, let him get married, for that will avert ones eyes from lustful gaze and is most chasteful for the private parts : whoever is not able (yet) then he should fast, because it (fasting) will repulse him therefrom.”<br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#000099;">Paternalistic</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Men shall take full care of women with the bounties which God has bestowed more abundantly on the former than on the latter, and with what they may spend out of their possessions.”<br /> (Qur’an : an-Nisa’ 4 : 34)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br />Although everyone is equal in their humanity, yet we are different in our nature (gender). And because of this recognition, the leadership in family structure depended very much on gender roles which nature has dictated. Lest we get overboard with the current craze over “<em>women liberation</em>” we should note that family in Islam is paternalistic. And men have been assigned extra rights over women because of the extra responsibility placed upon men i.e. to protect and maintain the women. It is well-known how Islam, through the last Messenger Muhammad (pbuh), spearheaded the movement which accords a respectable status to women.<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">(Taklif) Rulings on whether to marry or not ?<br /></span></em><br />When a Muslim attains the age of discernment and accountability, all his actions has implications subjected to the teachings of Islam viz. permissible (<em>harus</em>), desirable (<em>sunnat/mandub</em>), obligatory(<em>wajib</em>), undesirable(<em>makruh</em>) or even forbidden(<em>haram</em>). This rulings is not rigidly fixed but takes into consideration the circumstances which the person may be in. Thus regarding marriage, as a rule it is permissible act but it is regarded as :<br /><br />[1] <em>Mandub</em> or <em>Sunnat</em> : Recommended (desirable) if one has the means and the desire to marry.<br /><br />[2] <em>Wajib</em> : Obligatory or compulsory if one has the means and fears that because of his urge he may fall into temptation of committing fornication etc..<br /><br />[3] <em>Makruh</em> : Undesirable (not encouraged) if one does not have the means and/or the desire for sex.<br /><br />[4] <em>Haram</em> : Forbidden (prohibited) if one intends to or may cause harm or suffering to the wife.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;"><br />Importance of Marriage.</span></em><br /><br />Marriage is viewed by Islam as the only right form of relationship between man and woman because it leads to the setting up of families and enables members to undertake and fulfill their social responsibilities conscientiously with devotion and sincerity.<br /><br />In the Islamic social order, the family is the first and natural unit of humanity and the real cohesive force which makes civilization possible. It is either based on blood relationship, on faith or formed as a result of marriage and which later grows through ties of kinship into groups of tribes, clans and nations.<br /><br />Islam stresses the importance of the family as a basic unit of society because the foundation for a strong nation can be realized if the families in a particular society carry out their respective duties and abide by the <em>Shari’ah</em> (Islamic Law). Below are some of the important aspects which marriage aims to bring :<br /><br />[1] Preservation of family and continuation of the human race.<br />[2] Preservation of Morality and Chastity.<br />[3] Fulfillment and feeling of self worth through emotional stability, love and kindness.<br />[4] Widening the network of family relationship and producing a social cohesion in society.<br />[5] Induces greater responsibility by according clear roles.<br />[6] Ensuring the preservation and protection of woman and children.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Choice of partners</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And do not marry women who ascribe divinity to others beside God unless they attain to [true] belief [in the absolute Oneness of Allah]: for any believing bondwoman is certainly better than a woman who ascribes partners to God, even though she pleases you greatly. And do not give your women in marriage to men who ascribe divinity to others beside God unless they attain to [true] belief [in the absolute Oneness of Allah]; for any believing bondsman is certainly better than a man who ascribe partners to God, even though he pleases you greatly. [Such as] these invite unto the fire, whereas God invites unto Paradise, and unto [the achievement of] forgiveness by His leave; and He makes clear His messages unto mankind, so that they might bear them in mind.”<br /> (Qur’an : al-Baqarah : 2 : 221)<br /> </span></em></p><em><span style="color:#003300;"><p align="justify"><br /></span></em></span></em>As a rule, Muslims are to marry Muslims. The rationale behind the prohibition in marrying non-Muslim is that relationship between husband and wife are not merely physical but also spiritual and cultural. And the fact that a Muslim regards religion as a total way of life, having a partner who does not share the same orientation will certainly invite problems. Although it may be possible that a Muslim may influence the unbelieving partner and the children to accept Islam later, it is equally possible that the Muslim himself/herself may be influenced to discard Islam (na’uudzubillaah ! we seek refuge in Allah!). The fact that if the Muslim begun the marriage by not respecting his/her own religion, it certainly would make the task ahead much more difficult in influencing the partner and children to Islam later. Principle difference in religion would cause friction and strain for the family, and therefore the issue of adherence to a common faith at the onset is certainly wise. Even amongst Muslims, choosing a partner should also be based upon his/her adherence to the religion. As advised by the Prophet [pbuh] :<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“A woman could be married for four qualities; for her wealth, for her noble descent, for her beauty and for her religious piety. Therefore (those who) choose to marry her for her religious piety will be successful.” (Hadith)</span></em></p></span></em><p align="justify"><br /><br /> </p><blockquote></blockquote><p align="left"><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;">How to make the proper approach to marriage ............</span></em></p><p align="justify"><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">Talab - “seeking after”</span></em><br /><br />The Prophet [pbuh] recommended that in the selection of a bride, a man is allowed to see his intended before betrothal to prevent any disagreements in his choice of life partner. If a man so desires, he may appoint a woman as go-between and interview the would-be bride, or he may himself meet the would be-bride under supervision of her guardian.<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Khitab - “engagement”</span></em><br /><br />In Islam, engagement is permissible for purposes of preparing the wedding as well as to indicate to other would-be suitors that the woman has already been spoken for. And in Islam, it is forbidden for another man to ask for the hand of a lady who is already engaged to be married (unless the engagement has been called off or he has the permission from the man she is engaged to).<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Registration</span></em><br /><br />In S’pore all Muslim marriages must be done officially under the Registrar of Muslim Marriages (at Fort Canning). The prospective bridegroom and bride must personally come to apply for registration, accompanied by the woman’s guardian. You have to bring along :<br /><br />[a] Identification papers (passport or I/C).<br />[c] (If a Muslim convert) your Conversion Certificate.<br />[d] Other relevant papers : e.g. divorce certificate (if previously married)<br /> (if foreigner e.g. from Malaysia, Brunei or Indonesia) a letter informing of your status from a recognized Islamic authority in your country.<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#000066;">Marriage preparatory course</span></em><br /><br />As it has been found that couples getting married must be fully aware of their rights and responsibilities as well as to be educated on importance aspects of married life, a preparatory course is now required. The Registrar of Muslim Marriage requires proof of attendance of this course from approved institution, and will advise those who has yet to attend to do so.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;">The Marriage............</span></em><br /><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">The Marriage Solemnization (Aqad)</span></em><br /><br />The essentials (Rukun) :<br /><br /> [1] <em><span style="color:#000099;">Bridegroom</span></em> - must be Muslim, who knows the bride; must be free and not forced; and he must be free from the constrain of Hajj or Umrah; and whose relationship to the bride is not “<em>Mahrim</em>”.<br /><br /> [2] <span style="color:#000099;"><em>Bride</em></span> - must be Muslimah, who knows the bridegroom; not forced by the guardian; free from constrain of Hajj and Umrah; and she must be free from previous marriage bond (if applicable). - in this case of divorce or death of husband, she is required to go through the mandatory waiting period called “<em>Iddah</em>”.<br /><br /> [3] <span style="color:#000099;"><em>Guardian (Wali)</em></span> - For a bride who has never been married before, her guardian’s consent is necessary. The Guardian must be a (male) Muslim adult; sane and must not be forced; and not a “<em>fasiq</em>” (i.e. a Muslim who persist in committing major sins.)<br /><br /> [4] <em><span style="color:#000099;">Witnesses</span></em> - Two male Muslims as witnesses (one from each party); they must be adult, sane and '<em>Adl </em> (i.e. just, upright and not a “<em>fasiq</em>”)<br /><br /> [5] <em><span style="color:#000099;">Dowry (Mahr)</span></em> - The “<em>mahr”</em> is a marriage gift from the bridegroom to the bride as consideration. The amount may be determined by the bridegroom according to his means, at the wife’s request or by mutual consent and may be of any reasonable value. The minimum stipulated in S’pore presently is at not less than S$100.00<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">The Khutbah Nikah (Sermon prior to solemnization)</span></em><br /><br />Usually prior to the actual solemnization, the Qadhi (Registrar) will give a sermon following the ways of our Prophet Muhammad [pbuh], to advise the couple.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#cc33cc;"><em>...................excerpts from the Khutbah ...............................</em></span> </p><p align="justify"><br /><em><span style="color:#333333;"><em><span style="color:#333333;">“..... Marriage is a social contract, yet it is essentially a spiritual bond of union which should be made with the firm resolve of maintaining it for life.<br /><br />The institution of marriage in Islam is based on interdependence of man and woman in ensuring fullness of life for each other through mutual affection, mutual confidence and mutual protection. It involves duties and responsibilities that the couple should bear together and individually.<br /><br />It is the husband’s duty and responsibility :<br /><br />[a] to maintain the wife with profound care, and live with her on a footing of kindness and equity;<br /><br />[b] when blessed with children, to maintain them with devotion and to provide adequately for their intellectual, moral, physical and spiritual development; and<br /><br />[c] to protect the wife and other members of the family to the best of his ability, and order their lives in accordance with the teaching of Islam.<br /><br />As to the wife, it is her duty :<br /><br />[a] to guard her chastity and to protect the rights, honour and property of her husband and to be ever honest and sincere;<br /><br />[b] to serve her husband and members of the family with consideration and politeness; and<br /><br />[c] to bring up the children as good Muslims.<br /><br />With the solemnization of your marriage, which will take place presently, you will begin a new life as husband and wife. With mutual devotion, understanding and tolerance, you would be able to live a happy and contented life. Be grateful to Allah for the blessings of happiness, and face any trial or tribulation with courage, forbearance, completely trusting yourselves to Allah.<br /><br />By following the precepts of Islam and being truthful and trustworthy, fulfilling your obligations towards Allah, you will certainly achieve success and happiness. And Allah says in the Holy Qur’an : “O you who believe ! Guard your duty to Allah and speak words straight to the point, He will adjust your works for you and will forgive you all your sins. Whosoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, he verily, has gained a signal victory.”<br /><br />Hold discussions between yourselves, and deliberate on all matters pertaining to the affairs of the family; and exchange counsel in order to avoid friction. Maintain good relation with in-laws, treat elders with respect and youngsters with affection. This will strengthen family bonds and promote happiness and harmony in the family.<br /><br />Finally, I advice you to avoid separation (divorce); for separation brings unhappiness to the children and misery to both husband and wife.”......<br /></span></em></span></em><br /><span style="color:#cc33cc;"><em> ------------- end of important excerpts from the khutbah ------------------</em></span><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[6] The “Ijab - Qobul” (Solemnization)</span></em><br /><br />This is a clear offer of the bride by her guardian or his nominee (usually the <em>Qadhi</em> - registrar), to be immediately accepted by the groom with clear pronouncement without hesitation. e.g.<br /><br /><br /></p><em><blockquote><em><span style="color:#663366;">Guardian or Qadhi</span> : “O! (name of bridegroom) I give my daughter (name of bride) in marriage to you with the dowry (i.e.“Mahr”-consideration) of (either in dollars or in kind - in the latter case then the value will also be stated).”<br /></em></blockquote><p align="left"></em><br /><em></p><blockquote><p><em><span style="color:#990000;">Bridegroom (to respond) </span>: “I take her as my wife”<br /> or </em></p><p><em>“I take (name of bride) as my wife with the dowry mentioned.”</em></p></blockquote><p align="justify"><br /><br /></em><br />It is to be noted that with this acceptance, the bridegroom has taken over from her guardian the responsibility of maintaining the said lady, as his lawful wife: to provide for her needs, be it physical and spiritual comfort, to provide for her religious education and development, and to protect and safeguard her honour, chastity, welfare and security of herself and her properties.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Ta’aliq - “special condition”</span></em><br /><br />In S’pore, to ensure the rights of the bride is further safeguarded from abuse, a special condition is to be agreed upon by the bridegroom. It reads :<br /><br /> ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /> <span style="color:#cc6600;">“On every occasion that I _____________ :<br /><br />[1] leave my wife _________ for a continuous period of four months or more, intentionally of unintentionally; or<br /><br />[2] fail to maintain her for the said period, whereas she is obedient to me; or<br /><br />[3] commit any action that causes injury to her body or damage to her property or causes her to lose her self respect;<br /><br /> and my wife complains to the Shari’ah court and if her complain is proven, then she is divorced by one <em>Talaq</em> (pronouncement). ”<br /></span><br /> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">The Feast to celebrate (Walimatul aqad / Walimatul- Urus.)</span></em><br /><br />It is strongly recommended by the Prophet [pbuh] that the bridegroom should host a “<em>walimah</em>” (feast) for friends and well-wishers on the day following the marriage, because in Islam marriage should not be done secretly but should be publicized as much as possible. This practice is a binding practice from the Prophet’s teachings. It serves as a means of announcing to relations, friends and the community concerning the marriage - to join in the joyous occasion and to share the happiness and blessings. But, it must be noted that one should not be extravagant (but within one’s mean and ability).</p><p align="justify"> </p><p align="justify"><em>WaAllaahu a'-lam</em></p><p align="justify"><em>was-Salaamu 'alaykum WaraHmmatullaah</em><br /><br /> <em><span style="color:#333333;">------------------------------------------end of first topic ------------------------------------</span></em></strong></span></p></blockquote><div align="justify"> </div><div align="justify"> </div><div align="justify"> </div><div align="justify"> </div><div align="justify"> </div>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-73710259663738384712008-05-01T08:17:00.000-07:002008-05-01T08:48:05.657-07:00“RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF HUSBAND AND WIFE”<div align="right"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#666666;"><em><strong>FROM THE DESK OF USTAZ ZHULKEFLEE</strong></em></span></div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><em><span style="color:#000099;">Introduction</span></em><br /><br />Islam believes family institution is the basic foundation for the building of a strong nation. Family, being the nucleus and basic unit of society is very much linked to the institution of marriage which is the legitimate means for perpetuating new families. And social coexistence depends very much on each individual to know their place and their responsibilities, to know their rights and the rights of others, and to strive in fulfilling them. In the Qur’an Allah (most exalted and high is He) specifies the principles for a society that is successful as opposed to being losers thus :<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Consider the flight of time ! Verily, man is bound to lose himself unless he be of those who attain to faith, and do good works, and enjoin upon one another to truth, and enjoin upon one another patience in adversity.” <br /> (Qur’an : al-’Asr : 103 : 1-3)<br /></span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><br />Fulfillment of one’s roles and responsibilities, when carried out with a conscious intent to serve the Creator, is therefore a righteous act. What are the acts that are good and righteous ? This has been detailed in the teachings of Islam based on principles laid down in the Qur’an and the <em>Sunnah</em> (practices) of the Messenger Muhammad [pbuh]. Thus in marriage, Islam specifies duties for individuals in the family in their respective roles as husband and wife. And every Muslim are obliged to carry out these responsibilities with <em>Taqwa</em> (full awareness of Allah Whom we shall be accountable to). The Prophet [pbuh] said :<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="left"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“When the servant of God marries, he has fulfilled half of the responsibilities laid on him by the faith, so let him have Taqwa (i.e. let him be mindful of God) concerning (the fulfilling of) the remaining half (of his responsibilities).” <br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)</span></em></p></blockquote></span><div align="justify"><br /></em><br /><br /><span style="color:#000000;"><em><span style="font-size:180%;">MUTUAL RESPONSIBILITIES</span></em><br /></span><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[a] Obedience to Allah and His Messenger.</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“O you who have attained to faith ! Pay heed (obey) Allah, and pay heed unto the Messenger, and let not your (good) deeds come to naught ! “ <br /> (Qur’an : Muhammad : 47 : 33)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“O you who have attained to faith ! Save yourselves and your family (from) the fire (of Hell in the hereafter) whose fuel is human beings and stones; (lording) over it are angels stern and severe, who do not disobey Allah in whatever He has commanded them, but (always) do what they are bidden to do.”<br /> (Qur’an : Tahrim : 66 : 6)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“O you who have attained to faith ! Be true to your covenants ! <br /> (Qur’an : al-Ma’idah : 5 : 1)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[b] To live in tranquillity with love and mercy.</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And among His signs is this, that He created for you (azwaaj - plural for zawj) mates from among yourselves, that you may dwell (live) in tranquillity with them, and He has put love and mercy between your hearts. Undoubtedly in these are signs for those who reflect.” <br /> (Qur’an : ar-Rum : 30 : 21)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;"><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;">[c] To safeguard own chastity and honor.</span></em></span><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;"><br />“Tell the believing men to lower their gaze and to be mindful of their chastity; this will be most conducive to their purity - [and] verily Allah is aware of all that they do.<br />And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and to be mindful of their chastity [in public] beyond what may [decently] be apparent thereof; hence, let them draw their head coverings over their bosoms. and let them not display [more of] their charms to any but their husbands, or their fathers, or their husband’s fathers, or their sons, or their husband’s sons, or their brothers, or their brother’s sons, or their sister’s son, or their womenfolk, or those whom they rightfully possess, or such male attendants beyond all sexual desire, or children that are as yet unaware of women’s nakedness; and let them not swing their legs [in walking] so as to draw attention to their hidden charms. And [always], O you believers - all of you - turn to Allah in repentance, so that you might attain to a happy state ! <br /> (Qur’an : an-Nur : 24 : 30-31)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[d] To maintain confidentiality</span></em><br /><br />The Prophet [pbuh] said : <em><span style="color:#003300;">“Of all the people, the worst is that person who approaches his wife and enjoy her company, and then he publicize this secret (to others). (Hadith of the Prophet)<br /></span></em><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000000;">HUSBAND’S OBLIGATION (WIFE’S RIGHT)</span></em><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[a] Provision of Mahr (Dowry)</span><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And give unto women their marriage portion (<span style="color:#ff0000;">mahr* </span>- dowry) in the spirit of a gift; but if they, of their own accord, give up unto you ought thereof, then enjoy it with pleasure and good cheer.”<br /> (Qur’an : an-Nisa’ : 4 : 4)</span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">*</span> note that a wife is a person with rights to ownership. And the marriage begins with the husbands acknowledgment that she is not a liability nor is she a property to be owned.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[b] Provide maintenance for the Wife</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Let him who has ample means spend in accordance with his amplitude; and let him whose means of subsistence are scanty spend in accordance with what Allah has given him; Allah does not burden any human being with more than He has given him - [and it may well be that] Allah will grant, after hardship, ease. “<br /> (Qur’an : at-Talaq : 65 : 7)</span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">*</span> </span>note that even in the event that the husbands income may become affected, he still has to provide for the wife’s maintenance from whatever wealth which he has.<br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#ff0000;">*</span> as regards the wife’s needs it must be extended to : physical, emotional, conjugal, intellectual, cultural, and spiritual as well.</div><div align="justify"><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[c] Protector and guardian of the Wife</span></em><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Men shall take full care of women with the bounties which God has bestowed more abundantly on the former than on the latter, and with what they may spend out of their possessions.”<br /> (Qur’an : an-Nisa’ 4 : 34)<br /></span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="left"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“O you who have attained to faith ! </span></em><em><span style="color:#003300;">Save yourselves and your family (from) the fire (of Hell in the Hereafter....” <br /> <br />(Qur’an : at-Tahrim : 66 : 6)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#ff0000;">*</span> as guardian, the five major duties which a husband accepts from the her guardian are to be remembered : viz: her physical needs such as food and clothing, her Islamic development (religious, intellectual and moral), her shelter (security and protection), preservation of her dignity and honour.<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[d] Duty to treat the Wife with kindness and equity</span></em><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And (O Believers ! ) live with them (your wives) on a footing of kindness and equity (ma’aruf); for if you dislike them, it may well be that you dislike something which Allah might yet make a source of abundant good. “ <br /> (Qur’an : an-Nisa’ : 4 :19)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000000;">OBLIGATIONS OF THE WIFE (HUSBAND’S RIGHT)</span></em><br /><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[a] To be obedient to her husband on matters not contrary to Islam</span></em><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“The righteous women are truly the devoutly obedient ones, who guard the intimacy which Allah has (ordained to be ) guarded.” <br /> (Qur’an : an-Nisa : 4 : 34)<br /></span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /><em><span style="color:#009900;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#009900;">The Prophet was asked : “Which is the best woman ?” He replied : “A woman who fills her husband with joy when he looks at her, and when he asks anything lawful she obeys, and never adopts any attitude in connection with her ownself and her goods which is repugnant to him.”<br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#ff0000;">*</span> obedience of the wife to her husband is very much emphasize ( except if he commands her to do something directly contrary to teachings of Islam, in which case she must not obey).<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[b] To fulfill the conjugal rights of her Husband</span></em><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“When the husband calls the wife to bed (for conjugal relation) and she refuses to obey, the angel curses her till the next morning.”<br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#ff0000;">*</span> the husbands’ sexual needs must be catered for by the wife, after all one of the objective for marriage is so that he can find a lawful means to satisfy this need.<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[c] Protects the Husband’s prestige and property</span></em><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“After piety (Taqwa) .....that which is the most treasured is a righteous woman ...... who, if he puts her under a vow, she fully observes it. and in the absence of the husband, she guards with his honor and his property).”<br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[d] Manages the household and the upbringing of the Children</span></em><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“A man is a shepherd in charge of his household and he shall be held responsible for his flock; a woman is a shepherdess in charge of her husband’s home and children and she shall be held responsible for them. So every one of you is shepherd and each of you are responsible for his flock.”<br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p><em><span style="color:#003300;">“A woman who performs her five daily obligatory prayers, fast in the month of Ramadhan, protects her modesty and chastity, and is obedient to her husband, she may enter Paradise through any door she likes.” <br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)</span></em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p><span style="color:#000000;">Wa Allaahu a'-lam</span></p><p><span style="color:#000000;">Was-salaa-mu 'alaykum warah matullaah</span></p></blockquote></span></em></span></strong></div>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-72591586740826727012008-05-01T07:56:00.000-07:002008-05-01T08:14:41.812-07:00MANAGEMENT OF FAMILY FINANCE<div align="right"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#666666;"><strong><em>FROM THE DESK OF USTAZ ZHULKEFLEE</em></strong></span></div><br /><br /><br /><br /><div align="justify"><br /><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">The Husband as the maintainer</span></em></strong><br /><strong><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Man shall take full care of women with the bounties which Allah has bestowed more abundantly on the former than on the latter, and with what they may spend out of their possessions.”<br /> (Qur’an : an-Nisa’ : 4 : 34)</span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><br />Marriage entails responsibilities. The onus of providing and maintaining the family is placed upon the male (husband) who thus assumes the leadership / guardianship role. In Islam, women are always under the guardianship of a male. Before marriage, it is the father or a brother etc. termed as “<em>wali</em>”, and the solemnization (<em>ijab / qabul</em>) actually signifies the transference of responsibilities to the bridegroom by her guardian.<br /><br />Thus, amongst the condition for marriage the Prophet [pbuh] stipulates that the men must be in a position to manage (i.e. provide for and maintain) a home.<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;">“O you assembly of young men ! Whoever amongst you is able to set up a home (ba-ats), let him get married ...........” (Hadith from the Prophet [pbuh] )<br /></span></em><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">Remember the Ta’liq (Special condition recited after nikah)</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#990000;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#990000;">“ On every occasion I _________ :<br /><br />[a] leave my wife _____________ for a continuous period of four months or more, intentionally of unintentionally;<br />or<br /> [b] fail to maintain her for the said period, whereas she is obedient to me; ....... ”<br /><br /><br /></span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><br /><br />Maintenance of the wife is the husband’s responsibility and failure to do so can be a reason for the wife to seek the indulgence of the <em>Shari’ah</em> court. Although, pronouncement of divorce is the prerogative of the husband, in the case of failure to provide for her and other abuses by a husband, the <em>Shari’ah</em> court may invoke this condition of freeing the wife from the marriage bond.<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#000099;">How much to provide ?</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Let him who has ample means spend in accordance with his amplitude; and let him whose means of subsistence are scanty spend in accordance with what Allah has given him; Allah does not burden any human being with more than He has given him - [and it may well be that] Allah will grant, after hardship, ease. “<br /> (Qur’an : at-Talaq : 65 : 7)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><span style="color:#000066;"><em>Joint responsibility to be adhered<br /></em></span><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“ .... and eat and drink [freely] , but do not waste; verily He (Allah) does not love the wasteful !”<br /> (Qur’an : al-A’raf : 7 : 31)</span></em></blockquote><div align="justify"></span></em><br />Both husband and wife must cooperate together in the proper management of the family resources through :<br /><br />[1] living and spending in moderation;<br /><br />[2] being thrifty and practice the habit of saving.<br /><br />[3] to do family budgeting.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">Factors which leads to family financial crisis</span></em><br /><br />[1] Internal factor (which we can have control over)<br /><br />· - desires and expectations which are unrealistic.<br />· - initial overspending for the marriage.<br />· - habit of borrowing money.<br />· - too spendthrift (spending based on desires and without planning)<br />· - practices forbidden in Islam (especially gambling, intoxicants etc..)<br /><br />[2] External factor (although we have no direct control, yet we should be prepared for)<br /><br />· circumstances that may affect your income such as : </div><ul><li><div align="justify">retrenchment;<br />accidents;<br />sickness ...... etc.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">Effects of Financial crisis to the family<br /></span></em><br />· forever will be troubled with debts.<br />· will add “stress” upon the marriage relationship.<br />· will be the main cause for marital conflict.<br />· individually, the couple may develop negative self-esteem.- “..sense of failure etc.”<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Why the need to budget ? ... what are its benefits ?</span></em><br /><br />· Coordination<br />· Planning and knowledge of priority in spending<br />· Encourage communications.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Tips on how to do family budget.</span></em><br /><br />· discuss, set and agree on priority in family spending.<br />· to spend according to family capability.<br />· although a budget has been set, to try not to spend all allocation.<br />· include compulsory savings in the budget.<br />· to plan together.<br />· to share ideas and income.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#ff0000;">Note :</span></em> <span style="color:#000099;"><em>Important guidelines if the wife is willing to assist the family finance by working.<br /></em></span><br />* that her duty as a mother must not be neglected.<br />* that the wife is willing (and cannot be forced to do so).<br />* must be with the permission of her husband, who has the right to stop her from continuing.<br />* the wife is free to stop work if she wants to.<br />* her income is for the family and not solely for her own use.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#000099;">How to categorize family spending according to priority</span></em><br /><br /> <br /> <span style="color:#663366;"> <em> [1] High priority spending :</em></span><br /><br />· payment of housing - rent, mortgage etc.<br />· payment of utility bills<br />· children’s educational fees<br />· daily spending needs for school-going children<br />· spending on provisions<br />· marketing money<br />· daily travel and working expenses.<br /><br /> <em><span style="color:#993399;"> [2] Medium priority :</span></em><br /><br />· purchasing of clothing<br />· cost to visit wife’s or husbands family (in-laws)<br />· cost of attending invitations to weddings and other social events<br />· purchasing of magazines and supplementary reading materials .... etc.<br /><br /> <em><span style="color:#993399;"> [3] Emergency spending.</span></em><br /><br /> This could be for :<br />· seeking medical treatment to clinic<br />· assisting family in dire need ...... etc.<br /><br /> <em> <span style="color:#993399;">[4] Any other unforeseen circumstances.</span></em><br /><br />We may not know what the future circumstances may be. Therefore allow for contingencies - “<span style="color:#ff0000;"><em>savings for a rainy</em></span><span style="color:#ff0000;"> day</span>.”<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#ff0000;">TELL-TALE SIGNS OF FAMILY FINANCIAL CRISIS</span></em><br /><br />·When bills are not paid on time or you finding it “hard’ to pay on time.<br />·Preferring longer loans and buying in credit.<br />·When you begin to start borrowing, either from family or friends.<br />·When you start using “savings” to pay for utilities bills.<br />·When the cause of family ‘quarrels’ is on bills.<br />·When you begin to “moonlight’ or seek extra-jobs, thus sacrificing family value-time.<br />·When your family is deprive from enjoying bonus money because it goes towards settling debts.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#ff0000;">THE FOLLOWING SHOULD BE NOTED WHEN SEEKING TO OVERCOME FAMILY FINANCIAL CRISIS:</span></em><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;"><em>[1] TO ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THERE IS A PROBLEM</em></span><br /><br /> Before any solution/remedy can be possible, we have to recognize that we have a problem. People who are still in “<em>denial stage</em>”, would pretend as though everything is all right. Thus no improvement can be made when one do not acknowledge that there is defects. People tends to be defensive as though it is an admission of faults on their part. The exercise here is not to find personal fault but to be “<em>frank</em>’ in assessing the situation.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[2] BE READY TO “GIVE-AND-TAKE” AND WILLINGNESS TO ADJUST</span></em><br /><br /> Both husband and wife must have the attitude of ‘<em>give-and-take</em>”. Remember you are both a team. You should have concern, empathy, supportive and show greater understanding for each other. Frankness and sincerity are necessary elements. Thus, it is no point picking on or blaming one another, but try to find ways to settle the problem. You “<em>sink</em>” or “<em>swim</em>” together. Personal adjustments and change may be required and thus be willing to make sacrifices just so the problems can be settled. Be appreciative of each others sacrifices.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[3] ALWAYS SEEK TO STRENGTHEN RELATIONSHIP</span></em><br /><br /> To overcome problems, both must have strong desire and resolve. Thus, at all times show support and cooperate in matters of family concern. The strengthening of relationship would prepare you well when crisis occur. At all times, both husband and wife must display truthfulness and act justly.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">[4] CHOOSE APPROPRIATE TIME TO DISCUSS <br /></span></em><br /> Always remember that to discuss family finance it should be done at appropriate time and place. Confidentiality should be maintained. If preparing budget has become a routine, you may allocate discussion to review what may be seen as a problem. Remember, “<em>prevention is better than cure</em>.”<br /><br /></strong></span> </div></li></ul>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-68356321210198994162008-05-01T07:12:00.000-07:002008-05-01T07:54:18.802-07:00“ADVICE : BUILDING A TRANQUIL HOME ”<div align="right"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#333333;"><strong><em>FROM THE DESK OF USTAZ ZHULKEFLEE</em></strong></span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong></strong></span> </div><p align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong></strong></span> </p><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong></strong></span> </div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong>As the period for this course has been limited to only a few sessions, whereas there are much more that can be learnt, thus I will only cover certain aspects only and hope it can be useful towards preparing all of you for your marriage. This brief paper is simply entitled : <em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">“An advice .....”,</span></em> and I direct the advice to myself and to you :<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Remember always</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And among His signs is this, that He created for you (azwaaj - plural for zawj) mates from among yourselves, that you may dwell (live) in tranquillity with them, and He has put love and mercy between your hearts. Undoubtedly in these are signs for those who reflect.” <br /> (Qur’an: ar-Rum: 30: 21)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br />· That a wife or a husband (though are different) are meant to complement each other.<br />· We are to live with our wife or husband in tranquillity. Trials and tribulations may occur but we must set our vision towards creating a tranquil home, and work together for its achievement.<br />· Love and mercy which we hope to nurture, are bestowal’s from Allah. Thus whatever feelings of love and mercy which already blossoms within us must be cherished and we must be grateful for, so that much more will be given by Allah s.w.t. He says in the Qur’an : “<em><span style="color:#003300;">If you are grateful, then I will give you more (much more than you deserve)...” (Q: Surah Ibrahim : 7</span></em>)<br /><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Reliance on “Taqwa” (consciousness of God) and<br />“Tawakkal” (Trusting in God)</span></em><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And unto everyone who is conscious of Allah (yatta-qillaah), He (Allah) [always] grants a way out [of unhappiness], and provides for him in a manner beyond all expectation; and for everyone who places his trust in Allah, He alone is sufficient. Verily Allah always attains to His purpose: [and] indeed, unto everything has Allah appointed its [term and] measure.”<br /> (Qur’an: at-Talaq: 65: 3)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Leadership & Communication skills</span></em><br /><br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And it was by Allah’s grace that you [O Prophet] did deal gently with your followers: for if you had been harsh and heart, they would indeed have broken away from thee. Pardon them, then, and pray that they be forgiven. And take counsel with them in all affairs of the moment; then, when you have decided upon a course of action, place your trust in Allah: for verily Allah loves those who place their trust in Him.”<br /> (Qur’an: al-Imran: 3: 159)</span></em></p></blockquote></span><div align="justify"><br /></em><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Factors to consider for good leadership are:</span></em><br /><br />· gentle and not harsh-hearted;<br />· readiness to overlook and to pardon shortcomings;<br />· seek Allah’s forgiveness for each others mistakes;<br />· mutual consultation in affairs of moments;<br />· after making resolve on a matter, to place complete trust in Allah s.w.t.<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Factors for good communication</span></em><br /><br />· openness<br />· self-awareness : “WHAT are we saying ? HOW we are saying it? </div><div align="left"> and WHY are we saying it ?”<br />· maintain dignity - “self-esteem & self-confidence”<br />· Empathy<br />· Good listener:give attention, respond with encouragement and remembering what is said. </div><div align="left"> </div><div align="justify"><span style="color:#000099;"><em>Tips: remember “Use C “:</em><br /></span> U - understand what is said<br /> S - show interests and do not interrupt<br /> E - express to speaker that you understand / feedback<br /> “C” - clarify whenever you are unsure<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;"><br />Adjustments</span></em><br /><br /><br />Marriage requires adjustment - of yourself to your partner, your new role, new environment etc. It definitely will require both of you to be open to change. Whether the marriage work or not, cooperation of both parties are crucial. Thus you need to have a positive “give-and-take” attitude, supportive and understanding of each other. You are to remember that there may be certain expectations, which you have which are not realistic and thus, should be ready to compromise and adjust. Talk with your spouse and not at your spouse. Listen and consider what your partner has to say. Be open and understanding. Remember real love blossoms after marriage, and requires constant nurturing. Be appreciative of your partner’s willingness to change. Your past attraction before marriage, at best, may be just infatuation or “puppy love”. Most successful marriages are by those who worked to develop love after marriage, and not those who rely on their feeling of “love” for each other before marriage.<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Set quality programs (routine)</span></em><br /><br />· perpetuate the feeling of affection through “Salaam”<br />· speak words of kindness to each other<br />· always have time for each other - your partner needs assurance & encouragement.<br />· perform the (swolah) obligatory prayers together at home<br />· do things together or with each others knowledge<br />· do not go to sleep with unsettled differences<br />· always seek Allah’s assistance by devotions and supplications to Him.<br />· maintain healthy lifestyle.<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#000099;"><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">Intimacy</span></span></em><br /><br /> <span style="color:#ff0000;"> Wedding night</span></div><span style="color:#ff0000;"></span><div align="justify"><br />· Offer 2 rakaat prayer (optional), and then supplicate :<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#000099;">“O Allah! Bless me with her affection and her acceptance of me; make me be pleased with her; and bring us together in the best form of union and in absolute harmony; surely You like what is lawful and hate the unlawful things.”</span><br /></em><br />· Always observe good hygiene: <em><span style="color:#003300;">“It is the practice of the Prophet [pbuh] to be in wudhu’ (ablution) prior to having sex with his wife. He would also clean his teeth and use perfume.” (Hadith)<br /></span></em><br />· Du’a before engaging in intercourse : The Prophet [pbuh] always begin by reciting :<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;">BIS-MILLAAH, </span></em></div><div align="left"><em><span style="color:#003300;">ALLAA-HUM-MA JAN-NIB-NAA<br />MINASH-SHAY-TwAAN, </span></em></div><div align="left"><em><span style="color:#003300;">WA-JAA- NIBISH- SHAY-TwAA-NA MAA-<br />RAZAQ-TANAA.</span></em><br /><em><span style="color:#000099;">“In the Name of Allah! O Allah, please keep us away from satan and keep satan away from all that which You bestow upon us.”</span></em></div></blockquote></span></em><em><span style="color:#000099;"><br /></span></em><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"> Fore-play</span></em></div><p align="left"><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"></span></em> </p><ul><li><div align="justify"> It is the Sunnah (the way) of the Prophet [pbuh] to precede sexual act with playful teasing and foreplay. Remember that your partners have feelings too. Therefore learn, explore and help to heighten arousal of your partner thereby making it ready for actual intercourse. Ample ways are open as alluded to in the beautiful parable in the Qu’ran and we should reflect upon it:<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Your wives are as tilth unto you; so approach your tilth when and how you will; but do some good act for your souls beforehand; and be conscious of Allah, and know that you are to meet Him (in the hereafter), and give (these) glad tidings to those who believe.”<br /> (Qur’an: al-Baqarah: 2: 223)<br /></span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /><em><blockquote><em><span style="color:#009900;">“You may have it (sexual intercourse) from the front or from the rear,<br />as long as it is in her vagina.”<br /> (Hadith of the Prophet -Bukhary & Muslim)<br /></span></em></blockquote></em><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">When is sex forbidden?</span></em><br /><br />· during menstruation (refer Qur’an al-Baqarah : 2 : 222)<br />· during post-natal bleeding<br />· during the daily fast of Ramadhan<br />· when in state of Ihram (when performing Hajj & Umrah)<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">Strict confidentiality:<br /></span></em><br />The Prophet [pbuh] said: <span style="color:#006600;"><em>“Of all the people, the worst is that person who approaches his wife and enjoy her company, and then he publicize this secret (to others).<br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)<br /></em></span><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;">Avoid divorce </span></em><br /><br /><br />The Prophet [pbuh] said:<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“A thing that (although) is lawful and (yet) is disliked<br />by Allah, is divorce.”<br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /> <em><span style="color:#003300;"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Get married to one another and avoid divorce for Allah dislikes </span></em></span></em><em><span style="color:#003300;"><em><span style="color:#003300;">people who change their husbands or their wives.” <br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)<br /></span></em></span></em><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“A wife who asks for divorce from her husband without<br />valid reason will be forbidden from the fragrance of<br />Paradise.” <br /> (Hadith of the Prophet)<br /></span></em></blockquote></span></em><br /><br />· Husbands are to be careful of their words (either spoken or written). Their pronouncement of divorce is valid even if said in jest or play-acting. Whether the words are clear (explicit) or even if implied (<em>kinaayah</em>), such pronouncement will be taken seriously. A divorced couple is allowed to be reconciled twice (<em>talaq raj’i</em>), but after the third pronouncement (<em>talaq ba’in</em>), they will forever be separated with no chance for reconciliation (except if the wife marries another man, who later divorced her after consummation - “<em>muhallil</em>”).</div></li></ul><p align="justify"><br />· Every pronouncement made should be reported to the Shari’ah court.<br /><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#990000;">Managing a delinquent wife: Steps stipulated in the Qur’an ......</span></em><br /><br /><br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"></p><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And as for those women (wives) whose ill-will (“nushuz” - rebellious) you have reason to fear, admonish them [first]; then leave them alone in bed; then beat them <span style="font-size:180%;color:#ff0000;">*</span>; and if thereupon they pay heed (obey), do not seek to harm them. Behold, Allah is indeed most high, great! And if you have reason to fear that a breach might occur between a [married] couple, appoint an arbiter from among his people and an arbiter from among her people; if they both want to set things aright, Allah may bring about their reconciliation. Behold, Allah is indeed all-knowing, aware.”<br /> (Qur’an: an-Nisa’: 4: 34)</span></em></p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#ff0000;">*</span>regarding beating, the Prophet [pbuh] stressed that this is only resorted to if the wife “<em>has become guilty, in an obvious manner, of immoral conduct</em>”, and that it should be done “<em>in such a way (<span style="color:#ff0000;">ghayr mubarrih</span>) as not to cause pain</em> “ If it has to be resorted to at all, should be more or less symbolic - “with a toothbrush, or some such thing” or even “<em>with a folded hand</em>kerchief”.<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">(a) “.... admonish”</span></em><br />A rebellious wife should be admonished first. The role of the husband to educate and guide his family towards that which can save the family from hell-fire, requires him to be firm. But he should not be impatient but rather he should strive to firstly teach and if need be to admonished her. The wife should be careful to note the seriousness of this admonition for it is the first step. The tone of admonition could be gradually changed from a firm statement to even raising the voice slightly to indicate the seriousness of the matter.<br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;"><em>(b) “..... leave them alone in bed”</em></span><br />If by admonishing, the wife do not change her ways, the Qur’an stipulates “sleeping separately.” It is hoped that the sensitive nature of woman should awaken her to the seriousness of the matter.<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">(c) “ ........ beat them”</span></em><br />Sometimes, even this may not work. The Qur’an then allows for the husband to “<em>beat.”</em> As has been explained above, this is not meant to cause hurt or pain to the wife, but as a symbolic gesture by the husband to shock her into realizing that she has already exceeded her limits.<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">(d) “...... appoint arbiters”</span></em><br />When all these could not resolve the situation, then the couple is advised to resort to arbitration. Two respectable people, one representative for each, to adjudicate the differences using the teachings of Islam as the standard. It is hope that they can advise those guilty of wrong to mend her ways or his ways (when it is the wife/husband who is at fault).<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#990000;">Managing a ‘delinquent’ husband ......</span></em><br /><br />It may so happen that it is the husband that is the delinquent party. Although the approach to deal with the ‘delinquent’ husband is not like the previous steps, because in the case of a delinquent wife her husband will also be made to be responsible for her sins, whereas the sins committed by the husband is not borne by the wife. But, there are ways, which the wife can and should adopt to deal with him.<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">(a) “words of advise”</span></em><br /><br /> It is the wife’s right to offer advise as the Prophet [pbuh] have said “ <em><span style="color:#003300;">... if you are unable to change the (wrongdoing) with your hands, then do it with your tongue...”.</span></em> The manner of giving advise should be one which exude compassion, kindness and concern (which actually is the strength in a woman), always giving due respect to him as the husband. So be firm and yet kind. Thus this has to be done with utmost patience and perseverance. Knowledge about the religion therefore is very useful as basis for your advice, because everyone has to obey Allah and His messenger. Support this with prayers (swolah) and supplication (do’a) because only Allah s.w.t. has power to change a person’s heart. The rule is as Allah s.w.t. said :</p><em><span style="color:#003300;"><em><span style="color:#003300;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;"><em><span style="color:#003300;">“Invite them (all) to the way of your Lord with wisdom<br />and fair exhortation ...”<br /> (Q: Surah An-Nahl: 125)</span></em></span></em></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"></span></em> <br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">(b) “seek assistance”</span></em><br /><br />When the nature of delinquency involves deprivation of your rights as a wife especially for those stipulated in the <em>Ta’liq</em> [special condition read by the husband after the solemnization] such as: non-payment of maintenance, or his violence leading to injury or damage to yourself or to your property, or when his action causes you to loose respect - you can seek assistance or indulgence of the <em>Shar’iah</em> court. It does not mean that by going to the<em> Shar’iah</em> court, a woman is taking steps for divorce. You will be given professional advice or the couple may be given to family counselors to resolve the problems. There are other Islamic organizations that provide family counseling services which you may turn to in strict confidentiality. Our task (<em>Shar’iah</em> court and all Islamic organizations) is to ensure problems within families are resolved so as to prevent breaking up. You must know that Islamic laws are there to ensure the rights of every Muslim are accorded. Perhaps advice from such body may be effective where the wife’s advise fails.<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#ff0000;">Negative effects of divorce</span><br /><br />· (if convert) danger of renouncement.<br />· remarriage with others may become more difficult due to social stigma, children, age.<br />· emotionally stressful to both.<br />· wealth and property will be divided up.<br />· children will face a trauma and their future development will suffer from a broken home.<br />· may create enmity between families.<br /><br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000066;">Conclusion:</span></em><br /><br /><span style="color:#ff0000;"><em>“ May Allah bless us all! And join you all in the bond of your marriage with bestowal of goodness. May He strengthens your Faith through this marriage so that you are able to fulfill all your responsibilities with dedication and Taqwa.” Aa-min.</em></span><br /> </p><p align="left"><br /><em><span style="color:#000099;">Wallaahu a’lam - wabil-laahit-tau-fiq wal-hidaa-yah<br />Was-salaamu ‘alay-kum warah -matullaah.</span></em></strong></span></p>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-39455979624346419272008-04-30T03:47:00.000-07:002008-04-30T21:49:56.590-07:00BRIEF NOTES:<span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;"><br /><br /><blockquote><br /><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#330033;"><strong><em>Written for the IRO (Inter-Religious Organization) in Singapore - by Ustaz Zhulkeflee, the </em></strong></span><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#330033;"><strong><em>presentation delivered by Bro. Jaafar Mah Li to educate non-Muslims invited by IRO sharing session pertaining to the Islamic perspective and the practices of the Muslims)</em></strong></span></span></div></blockquote><blockquote><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong><span style="font-size:130%;"><br /></div></blockquote></span></strong></span><blockquote><br /><p><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"><em></em></span></strong></span></p><br /><p align="center"><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></em></p><br /><p><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"><em>"A MUSLIM PERSPECTIVE ON LIFE, DEATH AND BEREAVEMENT”</em></span></strong></span></p><br /><p align="center"><em><span style="color:#ff0000;">------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></em></p></blockquote><br /><br /><div align="justify"><br /><br /><br /><em>Salaa-mun- ‘alaa - manit-taba-‘al-Huda</em></div><br /><br /><div align="justify"><em>(Peace be unto those who follow the guidance)</em></div><br /><br /><div align="justify"><br />Before we can understand what death is, one must understand what this life is all about. Where did we come from? Where are we going to? Muslims are taught that all of us come from a spiritual world, the world of Souls <em>(‘alam al-arwah</em>), and then we were transferred in the world of the womb <em>(‘alam raHeem</em>) before coming into this present world <em>(‘alam al-dunya</em>). AND this does not stop here.<br /><br />After death we will all be placed in the intermediary world of the grave <em>(‘alam al-qobri</em> or <em>barzakh</em>) to await the Day of Resurrection where we will be gathered in the Hereafter <em>(‘alam al-aaakhirah</em>). There is the final destination where we will definitely face God’s Judgment either being placed in Paradise with Allah’s Mercy or suffer punishment of Hell for our own evil rejection of His guidance and Mercy cause us to deserve to face God’s Justice.<br /><br />We may not have been perfect in this life, yet Islam extends the greatest hope, that of the forgiveness and mercy of God through His religion <em>Al-Islam</em> (The religion of Submission to His Will). Amongst the most important message, the good news as well as the warning, brought by the Last Messenger of God, Prophet Muhammad [pbuh].He is the Conveyor of glad tidings and the Warner (<em>al-Mubash-shira wa al-Nadziira</em>) – who has been sent as a Mercy from God unto all the worlds (<em>Rahmatan lil-‘aalameen</em>) - is this:<br /><br /></div><em><span style="color:#006600;"><br /><br /><blockquote><em><span style="color:#006600;">‘Say: [Thus speaks God] ‘O you servants of Mine who have transgressed against your own selves! Despair not of God’s mercy: behold, God forgives all sins’ – for verily, He alone is much-forgiving, a dispenser of Grace!<br />Hence, turn towards your Sustainer [alone] and surrender to Him before the suffering [of death and resurrection] comes upon you, for then you will not be saved.”<br />(Qur’an: az-Zumar: 39: 53)<br /></span></em></blockquote><br /><br /><div align="justify"></span></em></div><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;">Muslim perspective of life and death ……..</span></em><br /><br /><br />Whenever a Muslim faces any trial or tribulations in life, any mishaps or misfortune, news of death or calamity, etc. he or she will spontaneously utter a Qur’anic verse:<br /><em><span style="color:#006600;"><br /><br /><blockquote><em><span style="color:#006600;">IN-NAA LIL-LAA-HI WA IN-NAA ILAY-HI RAA-JI- ‘UUN<br />“Verily, unto God (Allah) do we belong and verily, unto Him we shall return.”<br />(Qur’an : al-Baqarah : 2 : 156)<br /></span></em></blockquote><br /><br /><div align="justify"></span></em></div><br />Muslims are taught that this life in this world is meant to be a place of trial or testing; a place for every one of us to actualize our potential towards being good or one may choose to be otherwise. Each human is given a limited freewill for the purpose of this test and thus will have to be responsible for our every action. Guided be the Shari’ah (God’s revealed code of law as guidance), Muslim utterly believe in God’s promise for those who do good with goodly reward in Paradise and warning of punishment for evil actions in the Hereafter. This teaching underlines one of the main messages of Islam – the revealed religion of submission to God’s Will, brought by every Prophets of Allah, from Adam until it culminated with the Seal or Last of the Prophethood, Muhammad [salutations of peace and blessing be unto all of them]. God clarifies the purpose of this life here thus:<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#006600;"><br /><br /><blockquote><em><span style="color:#006600;">“He (God) who has created death as well as life, so that He might put you to a test [and thus show] which of you is best in conduct, and [make you realize that] He alone is almighty, truly forgiving.”<br />(Qur’an : al-Mulk : 67 : 2)</span></em></blockquote></span><div align="justify"></em></div><br />Muslims are taught never to fear death but expect it as something inevitable in this life. It is how well you live in this life that matters rather then how long, because the life of this world is temporary. Those who become overly obsessive of the life of this world, forgetting the life eternal in the Hereafter, is only deluding themselves because this worldly life will have to end with death and we will most certainly be brought to face God’s judgment:<br /><br /><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#006600;"><em><span style="color:#006600;"><blockquote><em><span style="color:#006600;"><em><span style="color:#006600;">“Every human being is bound to taste death: but only on the Day of Resurrection will you be requited in full [for whatever you have done] – whereupon he that shall be drawn away from the fire (of hell) and brought into paradise will indeed have gained a triumph: for the life in this world is nothing but an enjoyment of self-delusion.”<br />(Qur’an: al-Imran : 3 : 185)<br /></span></em></span></em></span></em></blockquote></div><div align="justify"></span></em></div>Muslims yearn for a good death. This is to die as a Muslim which Allah s.w.t. has commanded:<br /><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#006600;"><br /></div><blockquote><em><span style="color:#006600;">“O You who have attained to faith! Be conscious of God with a true consciousness (of Him), and do not allow death to overtake you unless in a state of submission to God i.e. Islam.”<br />(Qur’an: al-Imran : 3 : 102)</span></em></blockquote></span><div align="justify"></em></div><br />Muslims yearn for peace and contentment by following every percepts of Islam. True peace and tranquility can on be possible through submission and surrender to the Will of the One God (<em>Allah</em>), our Creator and Sustainer unto Whom we shall all have to return – willingly or unwillingly. There is no other god but God. The meaning of being Muslim indicates our willingness in submitting to His Will by following His Messenger, the Last Prophet Muhammad [<em>pbuh</em>] and this ultimately leads us to meet God’s approval, as recorded in the Qur’an:<br /><em><span style="color:#006600;"><br /><br /><blockquote><em><span style="color:#006600;">“O You (human) that has attained to inner peace! Return you unto your Sustainer, well-pleased and pleasing (Him): enter, then, together with My other true servants – yea, enter you into My Paradise.”<br />(Qur’an : al-Fajr : 89 : 27-30)</span></em></blockquote></span></em><div align="justify"><em><span style="color:#006600;"><br /></div></span></em><blockquote><em><span style="color:#006600;">“Verily, those who [despite all evidence] are bent on denying the truth – [be they] from among the followers of earlier revelation or from among those who ascribe divinity to others besides God – will find themselves in the fire of hell, therein to abide: they are the worst of all creatures.<br />[And] verily, those who have attained to faith and do righteous deeds – it is they, they who are the best of all creatures. Their reward [awaits them] with God: gardens of perpetual bliss, through which running water flow, therein to abide beyond the count of time; well-pleased is God with them, and well-pleased are they with Him: all this awaits him who, of his Sustainer, stands in awe!”<br />(Qur’an : al-Bayyinah : 98: 6-8)</span></em></blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"><em>Muslim bereavement ……..</em></span><br /><br />Below are important to be noted by non-Muslims when encountering and socially interacting with Muslims, who may be facing grave illness, calamity or death and of their bereavement: </p><ul><li>Usually a Muslim is reminded to always be positive, with patient perseverance to God’s Decree, in facing the trials and tribulation. Prophet Muhammad [pbuh] said: <em><span style="color:#006600;">“Whatsoever a Muslim is experiencing [in his life whether it be [any kinds of] difficulty, pain, sadness, suffering, even that of being pricked by a small thorn, [all these are not in vain] except that such experience is all meant for God to cover or erase his past sins because of it.”<br />(Hadith reported by Bukhary and Muslim)<br /></span></em><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;"><em>Remind him:</em></span><br /></li><br /><li><div align="justify">Muslims worldview is always positive, holding good opinion of God and His Decree (<em>Qadha’ wal Qadr</em>);</div></li><li><div align="justify">Muslims are those who believe in God Who is Most Compassionate, Oft-Forgiving Most Merciful; God Who loves all those who patiently persevere (<em>As-Swaa-bireen</em>) in facing the trial and tribulation of this life and will never forsake those who believes in Him;</div></li><li><div align="justify">To a sick or dying Muslim, preference must be given to reminding him to utter the “<em>KALIMAH</em>” – Muslim will instinctively know that it refers to professing the credo of [<em>Tawhiid</em>] Absolute Oneness of God - in the Arabic phrase “<em>LAA-ILAA-HA-IL-LALLAAH</em>” meaning “the is no god [i.e. none deserves to be worshiped as Divine] but God”.<br /><br />Much Qur’anic recitations are also done because these will bring much blessings and through it God instils in him tranquillity, healing and covers us in His all-encompassing Mercy – even to those who merely listens to them.<br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;">Therefore:</span></div></li><br /><li><div align="justify">Get other Muslims who know how to do these for him;</div></li><br /><li><div align="justify">Hold to silence and do not cause any distraction when these are being done.</div></li><br /><li><div align="justify">A Muslim funeral is usually carried out within 24 hours of death;<br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;">Therefore:</span></div></li><br /><li><div align="justify">If you wish to pay your last respect, you must find out when the body will leave the house; and you may accompany it to the mosque for prayer or even to the graveyard for the burial.</div></li><li><div align="justify">Visits and condolences can be offered to the bereaved family in the subsequent days after burial.</div></li><li><div align="justify">The body is bathe, shrouded and prayer is performed over the body;<br /><br /><span style="color:#000099;">For information:</span><br /><br />- These are now carried out by benevolent Muslim association and casket companies;<br />- These are solemn ceremonies which, in some cases, others may be allowed to observe;</div></li><li><div align="justify">The men usually are actively involved until the burial;<br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;"><em>For information</em></span></div></li><li><div align="justify">A Muslim grave is about 6 feet in length, 2 feet wide and 6 feet in depth;</div></li><li><div align="justify">Body is lowered into it, laying as in sleeping position but slightly tilted on the right shoulder with face exposed to the earth facing the <em>Qiblah</em> (facing Makkah);</div></li><li><div align="justify">Planks are then placed over so that it formed like a small chamber, before the earth are filled back above it until the top formed into a mound, about one foot above ground and then 2 headstones with name of the deceased are placed as markers;</div></li><li>Those wishing to convey condolences to family member must observe rule of (male/female) segregation in Muslim gatherings;</li><li>Contributions are customarily accepted but for those sending wreath, do deliver it on the burial day to the cemetery and not to the home;</li></ul><br /><br /><p></p><br /><br /><p><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">For information:</span></em></p><ul><li><div align="justify">Muslims usually do not give wreath but donate cash for the family to defray whatever funeral expenses incurred, and for supply of meals for the bereaved family during the days of bereavement;</div></li></ul><ul><li><div align="justify">For the deceased, it is enjoined that surviving Muslims should make special du’a (prayer) for him; forgive any wrongdoings ever done by the deceased towards them; settle whatever debts owed by him (if any); do charity and good works or make endowment and donation in the deceased name; always to keep good memory of him through assisting and to offer whatever support towards his bereaved family,<br /><br /><br /><em>Wa Allaahu a’-lam </em></div></li></ul><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong><p align="justify"><em>Wabil-laahil - Hidaa-ya wat-tau-feeq<br />Was-salaa-mun- ‘alaa - manit-taba-‘al-Huda<br /></em></strong></span></p>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-85403841574284313372008-04-29T23:16:00.000-07:002008-04-30T22:57:43.250-07:00Responding to the Question ........<div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"><em><blockquote><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:130%;color:#ff0000;"><em>POLYGAMY : WHY DOES ISLAM PERMITS IT? IS IT STILL RELEVANT? </em></span></strong></div></blockquote></em></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;"></span></strong></div><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;font-size:85%;"><em><blockquote><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;font-size:85%;color:#ff0000;"><em><strong>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</strong></em></span></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;font-size:85%;color:#ff0000;"><em>(Ustaz Zhulkeflee responds to e-mail query from a non-Muslim </em></span><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;font-size:85%;color:#ff0000;"><em>regarding </em></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;font-size:85%;color:#ff0000;"><em>polygamy and Islam - usually a common subject to question </em></span><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;font-size:85%;color:#ff0000;"><em>from those who may </em></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;font-size:85%;color:#ff0000;"><em><strong>have misunderstood the teachings of Islam and practices of Muslims)</strong></em></span></div><div align="justify"><span style="color:#ff0000;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></div></blockquote></em></span><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;"></span><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:Trebuchet MS;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;">The following question was received: </span></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"></span></strong></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;color:#ff0000;"><em><blockquote><div align="center"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;color:#000066;"><em><strong>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</strong></em></span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;color:#000066;"><em><strong>"I got your mail id from a friend of mine, Muneerah. I am trying to understand Islam. Would like to clarify some of my doubts with you. Thanks for your time. In Quran, there are lot of instances where the statements sound like something made up by some people with vested interest. For example, allowing men to have more than one wife etc. Looks like they were made up for the convenience of the people who were in command at that time. Even if this could be justified by the fact that lot of men dies in the war, how come it is still relevant? </strong></em></span></div><div align="justify"><strong><span style="color:#000066;"></span></strong> </div><div align="justify"><span style="color:#000066;"></span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;color:#000066;"><em><strong>I have a few more questions that I would like to ask later. </strong></em></span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;color:#000066;"><em><strong>Once again, thanks for your time. </strong></em></span></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;color:#000066;"><em><strong>May God bless you.<br /><br />Regards<br />Thiru Moorthy</strong></em></span></div><div align="center"><span style="color:#000066;"><strong>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</strong></span></div></blockquote></em></span></div><p align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong>Bro, Thiru Moorthy,</strong></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong>I'll be glad to assist in anyway that I can.</strong></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong>Let me respond to your statement: <br /></p><em><span style="color:#000099;"><blockquote><p align="justify"><em><span style="color:#000099;">"In Quran, there are lot of instances where the statements sound like something made up by some peoplewith vested interest."</span></em> </p></blockquote></span></em><p align="justify"><br /><br />In the above statement, your conclusion seems to be based on ‘<em>hunch</em>’ or what is called “<em>wahm</em>”. The phrase “<em>sounds-like</em>” betrays the lack of insight into the history of al-Qur’an. Surely, relying on hunches is not being intelligent. Please remember that the Qur’an from the beginning when it was revealed and expounded, is claimed as a direct revelation from God. It’s perfect Arabic (previously unheard of) and inimitable beauty is the proof that was presented as challenge to the Arabs then. None was able to refute this claim. Even the enemies of Islam then had to concede that it is something, which they had never heard of, nor were they capable of producing the likes of it. <br /><br />If by ‘<em>people with vested interest’</em> you are referring to Muhammad s.a.w, and by this you would suggest that this religion was spread for the sake of ‘<em>some people’</em> meaning Muhammad’s self-interest, then tell me what did he benefit out of this? He was already married to the richest widow in Makkah; already well-respected and highly regarded by all in Makkah (in fact they called him ‘<em>Al-Amin’</em> (the Trustworthy) ); his family affiliation is one of the most respectable in Makkah; he was offered more wealth, power to rule or even women if wanted in return for not continuing with his mission to preach the Qur’an and Islam. Yet he rejected such opportunity, and he together with the Muslims were all persecuted until they had to migrate.<br /><br />And if you think that perhaps those verses you are referring to since it may have come only in the later part of his life, i.e. in Madinah, then my question is “If so, wouldn’t this be obvious then to the majority living there for them to level such accusation? But there weren’t any such objections raised! <br /><br /><em><span style="color:#000066;"></p><blockquote><em><span style="color:#000066;"><span style="font-size:130%;">Your statement</span>: For example, allowing men to have more than one wife etc. Looks like they were made up for the convenience of the people who were in command at that time.</span></em> </blockquote><p align="justify"></span></em><br /><br />Firstly your statement ‘Allowing men to have more than one wife’, let us start by putting things in their proper perspective. Even before those verses, not only the Arabs but in many other societies, men have been practising polygamous relationships. It was in fact ‘unlimited polygamy’. Also the women before Islam had no status except to be regarded as property that can be discarded by men. Islam came to correct this. To elevate women to their rightful place, women were accorded equal status as wives. The institution of Family was paternalistic i.e. man are to be held responsible in providing and maintaining guardianship over women, be they his wife, his daughters (as long as she is single unmarried), his sisters and nieces (if their father is deceased and she remains unmarried even divorced). Marriage was stressed and adulterous relationship strictly forbidden. But Islam is not rigid in advocating only monogamy but it recognises that under exceptional circumstances, polygamy can be accommodated. It must again be stressed that polygamy was not started by Islam. In this light, although such possibility for polygamy is acknowledge by Islam, yet none (no religion previously) before this has put a cap on how many wives can a man marry.<br /><br />The verses that you are concerned with came to limit the number of wives, which a man could have, it did not start polygamy. To do justice, please refer directly to what it says:<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#003300;"></p><blockquote><em><span style="color:#003300;">“And if you have reason to fear that you might not act equitably towards orphans, then marry from among [other] women such as are lawful to you – [even] two, three, or four; but if you have reason to fear that you might not be able to treat them with equal fairness, then [only] one – or [from among] those whom you rightfully possess. This will make it more likely that you will not deviate from the right course.” (Surah an-Nisa: 4: 3)<br /></span></em></blockquote><p align="justify"></span></em><br />My question to you is “<em>Which religious scriptures clearly stipulate monogamy as the norm for marriage?”</em> And polygamous relationship abounds in every culture and civilisation, again my question to you is “<em>which religious scriptures clearly limit such marriage’</em>? If you can show me, whether in Bible or other?<br /><br />In the above verses (especially: "<em>then [only] one</em>") is a very clear statement stressing monogamy as the rule. No other scriptures in any other religion (in my knowledge) has ever explicitly limit polygamous marriage, except the Qur’an. Yet, Islam also allows for, under exceptional circumstance, and after stating the strict condition of ensuring treatment towards them with equal fairness as wives, it still limited polygamy up to only four.<br /><br /><em><span style="color:#000066;"></p><blockquote><em><span style="color:#000066;"><span style="font-size:130%;">Your statement</span>: Even if this could be justified by the fact that lot of men dies in the war, how come it is still relevant?<br /></span></em></blockquote><p align="justify"></span></em><br /><em>Al-Islam</em>, as a way of life, has been perfected and there will be no other prophet after Muhammad s.a.w. In other words, all principles for the guidance of mankind has been established (in the Qur’an as well as the pattern of life of Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.). So apart from stipulating monogamy as the norm in marriage, there must be provision for exceptional circumstances where polygamy could and should be allowed (as you have agreed by mentioning e.g. war). Yet you questioned the relevance of it today? Aren’t there wars still going on in the world today? In Chechnya, in some parts of Africa etc.<br /><br />And it is not only in instances of war. Do you know that there is a world wide surplus of women in many parts of the world? (E.g. America has 8million more women than men; Russia, about 9 million). In these countries, even if all the men were married, you’d still have women deprived of a husband. How to solve? And such women do have illicit relations with married men, without any privileges given to them as a legal wife. These married men (having such polygamous relationship), many of them can actually maintain these women as wives with equal rights, but they cannot do so because of the bigamy law. Claiming the moral rightness of monogamy in their institution of marriage, and yet in reality many of their men frequently indulges in polygamous relationship, is indeed a gross hypocrisy.<br /><br />Or another example is when a wife suffers a debilitating disease, where she could not fulfill her conjugal role, and the husband would like to seek fulfilment of his needs. Can’t he still maintain her as a wife and be permitted to marry another? Or do you recommend divorce for such cases or would you encourage adultery? Do remember that Islam totally abhor adultrous practices and it even specify strict punishment to those committing them. So, to divorce the sick wife would be most unkind, and disallowing marriage to another would surely tempt the husband into committing adultery. Where is the justice? I hope you can see, not only justification but also the compassion in the Islamic law.<br /><br />These above are some example of it’s perennial relevance.</strong></span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong>In conclusion, let me quote you J.E. McFarlane in “<span style="color:#000099;">The case for Polygamy"</span>:<br /><br /></strong><span style="color:#333333;"><span style="color:#333333;"><strong></p><blockquote><p align="justify"><span style="color:#333333;"><span style="color:#333333;"><strong>“Whether the question is considered socially, ethically or religiously, it can be demonstrated that polygamy is not contrary to the highest standards of civilisation …… The suggestion offers a practical remedy for the problem of the destitute and unwanted female; concubinage and distressing spinsterhood”<br /></p></strong></span></span></blockquote></strong></span></span><div align="justify"><br /><strong>Hope that your query has been adequately answered. Feel free to enquire or better still to come visit the association. Do not worry, we do not and cannot compel anyone in matters of faith. But we love knowledge and fair exchanges.Truth will be clear from misguidance, and every right thinking person can find out for themselves the truth - as long as there is sincerity in our hearts. </strong></div><div align="justify"><strong></strong> </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><em><strong>May God guides us all to the Truth. </strong></em></div><div align="justify"><em></em></div><div align="justify"><strong><em> WaAllaahu a'lam</em></strong></div><div align="justify"><strong><em>Zhulkeflee</em><br /></div></strong></span>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-78759606761232975092008-04-29T08:22:00.000-07:002009-08-12T05:53:55.646-07:00APPENDIX VI - "AURAT ISSUE"<div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;color:#000099;">Q&A: Muslim headscarves</span><br /><br />BBC NEWS - Wednesday, 17 December, 2003, 15:40 GMT<br /><br /><br />The French President Jacques Chirac has backed proposals banning the wearing of Islamic headscarves in schools. The BBC's religious affairs correspondent, Jane Little, examines the controversy that could affect millions of Muslims.<br /><br />Q: <span style="color:#000099;">Why has this row over the wearing of headscarves erupted<br />now?</span><br /><br />The French have been debating this issue for two decades, but it has intensified in the past couple of years with dozens of girls expelled from school for refusing to remove their head covering.<br /><br />Few things declare religious identity so emphatically. The visible Muslim presence has therefore added a pronounced religious dimension to rising French concerns about immigration and integration.<br /><br />In addition, many French people regard the headscarf as a symbol of oppression of women, as well as the embodiment of a political worldview that rejects secularism and even, for some, embraces Islamic extremism.<br /><br />And then there is a centre-right government under pressure from the far right National Front and facing elections next year. Polls on the issue suggest that between 60-70% of the population supports a ban on the headscarf in school, making it a potential vote winner.<br /><br />Q: <span style="color:#000099;">Why is there such sensitivity to overt religious symbols in a<br />Catholic country?<br /></span><br />Secularism in France has a unique definition, more accurately expressed in the French term "laicite." The constitution aimed to end the domination of the Roman Catholic Church over the state. There ensued much conflict between the church and secular authorities and an atmosphere of anti-clericalism emerged.<br /><br />The matter of public religious symbols has been ambiguous though. In 1989 a court ruled that the wearing of religious insignia in state schools was permissible as long as it was not done with the aim of "pressure, provocation, proselytism or propaganda." Much of the debate has focused on whether certain symbols fall into these categories.<br /><br />Q: <span style="color:#000099;">Will French Muslims be able to challenge the law in Court? </span><br /><br />They will. There are clearly different interpretations of a French constitution that protects freedom of conscience, education and expression of religious belief. France is officially a pluralistic society and many Muslims argue that their rights to express their religious identity would be infringed by this law. Muslim women who wear the headscarf insist it is nothing to do with politics, but about dignity and obedience to God. Banning the wearing of it, they maintain, would require them to disobey their religion, or compromise their education.<br /><br />If a challenge in the French courts failed, they could also take the case to the European Court of Human Rights. Article nine of the European Convention on Human Rights enshrines the freedom to manifest one's religion or beliefs, subject "only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of public safety, for the protection of public order, health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others."<br /><br />Q: <span style="color:#000099;">Apart from the French Muslim community, are other religious groups<br />also angry about this law?<br /></span><br />Yes, Christian and Jewish groups have also reacted angrily to proposals for a ban on "overt" religious symbols in schools. As well as having the biggest Muslim community in Europe, France also has the biggest Jewish one. While one Jewish group had no problem with the ban, the Grand Rabbi of France, Joseph Sitruk, opposes it and has appealed for tolerance.<br /><br />Others of no particular affiliation have argued that unity comes not through uniformity but through diversity. Far from encouraging integration, they say, it will do the opposite, victimising Muslims in particular (most of whom are North African immigrants) and potentially pushing some towards political extremism.<br /><br />It will also probably lead to more private, confessional schools. There are hundreds of private Catholic schools, but the first Muslim school, a junior high school in Aubervilliers, outside Paris, opened only two years ago.<br /><br />Q: <span style="color:#000099;">Can Muslim girls wear headscarves to schools in other parts of<br />Europe?<br /></span><br />Yes, although the situation is very chequered. In Britain, Muslim girls are free to wear the headscarf. In Germany there is a heated debate over the issue and some states are considering banning headscarves in schools.<br /><br />The most striking parallel with the current situation in France is Turkey. There the secular republic has banned headscarves in public institutions. That has led to many girls being excluded from the public system.<br /><br />In France headscarves are already forbidden for people working in the public sector, but that rule - which is not a law - is occasionally broken. A Muslim employee of the city of Paris was recently suspended for refusing to take off her scarf or shake men's hands.<br /><br />--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />BBC NEWS – UK edition<br /></strong></span><a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3328277.stm"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong>http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3328277.stm</strong></span></a><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><br /></strong></span><br /><br /><br /></div><p align="center"><br /><br /><object width="400" height="345"><param name="movie" value="http://media.imeem.com/v/B4jqOksOZM/aus=false/pv=2"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><embed src="http://media.imeem.com/v/B4jqOksOZM/aus=false/pv=2" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="400" height="345" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object><br /><a href="http://www.imeem.com/people/0XO4U_Q/video/GZblKPwJ/perspective_movies_video/">Perspective!! - </a></p>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-7611257214022646342008-04-29T07:31:00.000-07:002009-08-13T02:14:45.021-07:00APPENDIX V - "AURAT ISSUE"<p align="justify"><br /><strong>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">U.S. to defend Muslim girl wearing scarf in school.<br />Federal position will oppose Oklahoma school district policy<br /></span><br />Terry Frieden<br />CNN Washington Bureau<br />Tuesday, March 30, 2004 Posted: 10:12 PM EST (0312 GMT)<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">WASHINGTON</span> (CNN) -- The Justice Department announced Tuesday the government's civil rights lawyers have jumped into a legal case to support a Muslim girl's right to wear a head scarf in a public school.<br /><br />Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights Alex Acosta said government lawyers would support 11-year-old Nashala Hearn, a sixth-grade student who has sued the Muskogee, Oklahoma, Public School District for ordering her to remove her head scarf, or hijab, because it violated the dress code of the Benjamin Franklin Science Academy, which she attended.<br /><br />The girl continued to wear her hijab to school and was subsequently suspended twice for doing so. The family appealed the suspensions, which were upheld by a district administrative hearing committee. Her parents filed suit against the Muskogee School District last October.<br /><br />On Tuesday the federal government filed a motion in a federal court in Muskogee to intervene in support of Nashala's position.<br /><br />"No student should be forced to choose between following her faith and enjoying the benefits of a public education," Acosta said in a statement accompanying the government's court filing.<br /><br />The Council on American-Islamic Relations -- which has often been critical of the Bush administration's policies -- praised the government's support in the case.<br /><br />"This moves comes in a time when the Muslim community feels like they are being singled out and their civil rights threatened," a statement from the group said.<br /><br />"The news also sends out a message to the international community, especially some European countries where the wearing of the head scarf is being banned, that America will defend its citizens' religious freedoms."<br /><br />With the move, the U.S. government takes a position directly opposite that taken by the government of France, which earlier this year banned Muslim head scarves in public schools.<br /><br />The dress code in the Muskogee schools prohibits students from wearing hats, caps, bandannas or jacket hoods inside school buildings.<br /><br />"We certainly respect local school systems' authority to set dress standards, and otherwise regulate their students, but such rules cannot come at the cost of constitutional liberties," Acosta said. "Religious discrimination has no place in American schools."<br /><br />In its complaint, the government said the school district violated the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment, which it said bars states from applying dress codes in a discriminatory manner. The government asked to have the dress code policy revised.<br /><br />The government court filing said Nashala was allowed to return to school wearing her hijab at the conclusion of the second suspension while the school district considered whether to re-evaluate its policy.<br /><br />The school maintains that Nashala remains in violation of the dress code and is subject to further suspension at any time. In its motion to intervene, the government sought to assure the court that its move would in no way delay the private case brought by the family.<br /><br />The government said it might want to depose additional witnesses in the four months remaining for the parties to complete discovery.<br /><br />There are more than six months before the trial is scheduled to begin in Muskogee, seat of the Eastern District of Oklahoma.<br /><br />Last year, a Florida judge rejected a woman's request to have her face covered by a veil for her state driver's license photograph.<br /><br />The woman, a Muslim, argued that a state order to remove her veil infringed on her religious beliefs.<br /><br />The judge agreed with the state that allowing a face to be covered for an identification photo could be exploited by terrorists.<br /><br />------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><em>Extract from CNN<br /></em>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</strong></p><p align="justify"><strong>-----<br /></strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:180%;"><a href="http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/2008/04/appendix-vi.html">---------------------------</a></span></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:180%;"><a href="http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/2008/04/appendix-vi.html">Go to : APPENDIX VI</a></span></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:180%;"><a href="http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/2008/04/appendix-vi.html">--------------------------</a></span></strong></p><p align="justify"><strong><br /></strong></p>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-78187576850229641862008-04-29T07:28:00.000-07:002009-08-12T21:40:56.073-07:00APPENDIX IV - "AURAT ISSUE"<div align="justify"><strong>---------------------------------------- <em>Extract from IslamOnLine</em> ---------------------------------<br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;">Hijab Religious Obligation, Not Symbol: Egypt's Mufti<br /></span>By Sobhi Mujahid, IOL Staff<br /><br /><br />Egypt's Fatwa House asserted in a new fatwa, a copy of which was obtained by IslamOnline.net Sunday, December 21, that hijab is an obligation on Muslim women wherever they are and not a religious symbol.<br /></strong></div><strong><div align="justify"><br />The fatwa came in response to French President Jacques Chirac’s support for a legislation banning hijab in state-run schools under the pretext that it is a religious symbol like the Jewish skullcap and the cross.<br /><br /><br /><br />Egypt's Mufti Ali Goma said hijab is an obligation on all Muslim consenting female adults, as firmly established in the Holy Qur'an and Prophet Muhammad’s hadiths as well as unanimously agreed upon by Muslim scholars. He cited the noble Qur'anic verse, which reads: "O Prophet! Tell thy wives and daughters, and the believing women, that they should cast their outer garments over their persons (when abroad): that is most convenient, that they should be known (as such) and not molested. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful."<br /></div><div align="justify"><br />In press statements on Friday, December 20, Goma said Islam orders consenting female adults to wear hijab as obligatory religious clothing, unlike the cross in Christianity and Kippa in Judaism.<br /><br /><br />Prominent Islamic scholar Sheikh Youssef Al-Qaradawi had also refuted the planned French ban asserting: "It is a common mistake to call hijab a religious sign, as it could not strike the mind of hijab-clad women to wear it for declaring their religious beliefs."<br /></div><div align="justify"><br />He asserted that unlike the cross and Kippa, the hijab has a religious function, namely "to cover the Muslim woman’s hair, neck, throat and the upper part of her chest."<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;">More Condemnations<br /></span></em><br />Meanwhile, the Union of Islamic Organizations in Europe denounced the French decision. In a statement, a copy of which was faxed to IslamOnline.net, it said asserted that Muslims throughout Europe do respect the laws of their respective countries but regard the French ban as a blatant infringement on their right to freedom of religion.<br /></div><div align="justify"><br />It made clear that the planned law would coerce Muslim women into disobeying the rules of their religion, which is by no means acceptable. The massage said Muslims in Europe do not want to be forced to choose between violating rules of Islam or integrating into the European community.<br /></div><div align="justify"><br />The union ruled out any contradiction whatsoever between Islam and integration, noting that the real problem lies with those who misinterpret secularism as a restriction on religious freedoms and obstacle to plurality.<br /></div><div align="justify"><br />The statement urged all religious communities, Islamic and human rights organizations in Europe to stand up firmly to the French anti-hijab drive, which violates a human right enshrined in relevant European laws and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.<br /></div><div align="justify"><br />It warned that forcing Muslim women to remove their hijabs would make them feel discriminated against. The statement also called on Chirac and the French government to heed the serious consequences of the planned ban.<br /></div><div align="justify"><br />The Union's chairman, Ahmad al-Rawi, said Saturday the French move was evidence that France had misinterpreted secularism and tailored it for its own requirements in a sharp contrast to the situation in other secular European countries, notably Britain.<br /></div><div align="justify"><br />The planned legislation has drawn a barrage of Muslim criticism worldwide, with British Muslims saying such laws are only issued by "authoritarian governments and not liberal democracies".<br /></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><br />IslamOnLine<br /><br />---------------------------------------- <em>End extract</em> ---------------------------------------</strong> </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="center"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;">------------------------------------</span></strong></div><div align="center"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><a href="http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/2008/04/appendix-v.html">Go to : APPENDIX V</a></span></strong></div><div align="center"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;">------------------------------------</span></strong></div>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-43104258171504549382008-04-29T07:21:00.000-07:002009-08-12T21:42:03.680-07:00APPENDIX III - "AURAT ISSUE"<div align="justify"><br /><strong><em>--------------------------- Extract from Aljazeera.net ---------------------------<br /></em></strong><br /><strong><em><span style="font-size:130%;">Tantawi: France has right to ban hijab<br /></span></em><br />Wednesday 31 December 2003, 11:32 Makka Time, 8:32 GMT </strong></div><strong><div align="justify"><br />One of the leading voices in Sunni Islam has defended France's right to ban Islamic headscarves in state schools.<br /><br />Before talks with French Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy on Tuesday, al-Azhar shaikh Muhammad Sayyid Tantawi said Muslims living in non-Muslim countries coerced into obeying the law could do so.<br /><br />"If a Muslim woman is in a non-Muslim country, like France, for example, and the officials there want to pass laws which are contrary (to Islam) on the question of the headscarf as it relates to the Muslim woman, then that is their right which I cannot interfere with as a Muslim," he said.<br /><br />"In that case, if a Muslim woman observes the laws of a non-Muslim state, then from the point of view of Islamic law, she has the status of acting under coercion."<br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Secularism</span><br /><br />A committee of French experts has recommended banning "conspicuous" religious insignia - including the hijab, the Jewish kippa and large crucifixes - from state schools.<br /><br />The committee has said religious insignia are incompatible with France's secular identity.<br /><br />But Islamic groups around the world have condemned the proposal, which was backed by French President Jacques Chirac.<br /><br />They say it is an attack on freedom of religion, and will alienate France's five million Muslims rather than integrate them.<br /><br />Jafar Abd al-Salaam, a professor of International Law at al-Azhar, told Aljazeera that Tantawi's statement was a personal opinion that was not binding on other members of the institution.<br /><br />He added that although the hijab was not one of the most crucial issues in Islamic law, no state had the right to interfere with religious freedom.<br /><br />Massoud Shadjareh from the Islamic Human Rights Commission was appalled at Tantawi's comments.<br /><br />"The French hijab ban is a backdoor policy to encourage Islamaphobia in the country and to further alienate Muslims," he said. "The ban will effect millions of French citizens and goes against the basic principles of human rights, the right to practice your faith."<br /><br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">Influential leader</span><br /><br />As head of al-Azhar, shaikh Tantawi is one of the world's most influential Islamic leaders.<br /><br />However, he is also no stranger to controversy.<br /><br />Appointed to his position by President Mubarak in 1996, many view him as a political stooge charged with rubber stamping the government's domestic and foreign policies.<br /><br />In the past he has stoked controversy by condemning human bombings in Israel, which many Palestinians say is their most effective way of opposing Israeli occupation.<br /><br />He also criticized Saddam Hussein for not going into exile and sparing his country the trauma of invasion, and said the US-led war on Iraq was not a crusade against Islam.<br /><br />On the other hand, the cleric gave his blessing to any volunteers who wanted to help Iraqis fight the invaders, even potential human bombers.<br /><br />Aljazeera + Agencies<br /><br />---------------------------------------- End extract --------------------------------------- </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="center"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:130%;">--------------------------------</span></div><div align="center"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:130%;"><a href="http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/2008/04/extract-from-islamonline-hijab.html">go to: APPENDIX IV</a></span></div><div align="center"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:130%;">--------------------------------</span><br /><br /><br /><br /></div></strong>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-3257719554491503822008-04-29T06:57:00.002-07:002009-08-12T21:42:59.632-07:00APPENDIX II - "AURAT ISSUE"<div align="justify"><br /><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><br />------------------------------------ Extract of the letter -------------------------------------------<br /><br /><em><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">PERGAS's response to the White Paper on Jemaah Islamiyah</span></em><br /><br />1. PERGAS value the steps taken by the government in making public the document and information regarding the arrest of the JI members in the white paper. It augurs well as it reflects transparency on the part of the authority and shows its concern towards the people. The white paper on the Jemaah Islamiyah also provides recomendations as to how we can address the danger of terrorism in our midst.<br /><br />2. From the information on the investigations given in the paper, we acknowledge that such group would pose a great danger and may escalate into terrorism if it left unchecked. This threat of terror may result in destabilizing the peace of our nation and the cohesion of our society.<br /><br />PERGAS once again reiterates our stand in also upholding and safeguarding the well being of our multi-racial nation because Islam, evidently, also enjoins this. And we reject any effort of any group who tries to set aside this concern of safeguarding the well being of every citizen without just reason, and who choose the path of violence and destruction.<br /><br />3. The proposal and recommendation to step up efforts of vigilance and mutual precaution is necessary, but we hope that whatever steps taken would not impede any citizen's valid religious practices, or display intolerance which may invite suspicion and mistrust between others (non-Muslims) with their fellow Muslim citizens in Singapore. To the Muslims generally, this incident should awaken us towards the importance of being equipped with the correct Islamic knowledge and worldview through authentic sources and religious teachers whose competencies on Islam are acknowledged. Only by eradicating ignorance of Islam amongst Muslims can we effectively avoid the general masses from being misled into following such deviant ideologues.<br /><br />3. (As for) Recommendation for the monitoring of those engaged in the teaching of Islam for the masses, PERGAS has all along been concerned and committed towards this effort, as also MUIS. Just as MUIS, PERGAS also keeps a register of all our Asatizah (Islamic religious teachers) and students of Islam under our tutelage, including their background datum. We have already cooperated with MUIS in sharing information regarding our Asatizah.<br /><br />PERGAS even feel that mere monitoring is insufficient without an efficient system for accreditation of Asatizah and Du'at (propagators or missionaries of Islam). Regarding this, PERGAS, as the Association of Islamic Scholars & Religious Teachers in Singapore, has already embarked by establishing our council of elders (Majlis Mashayikh) amongst our Islamic scholars, which will serve as a pillar to our accreditation system within PERGAS. Other steps will include the providing of special courses and training programmes for Islamic religious teachers; to formulate a Charter as guidelines for all Asatizah and Du'at; and many other programmes are being planned. We realize that our efforts in this requires support from the general Muslim masses in Singapore. On the basis of the teachings of the Qur'an and As-Sunnah (traditions of the Prophet) which we uphold, every effort of cooperation with MUIS will be further strengthened and continued. This will also include providing information and public education to the general Muslims to inform them of our efforts on this matter, as their support and the support of every concern citizens are important for the success of this endeavor.<br /><br />5. From this incident, we feel that our local Madrasah education system is an important institution in laying the foundation of nurturing correct (legitimate) Islamic education that in its implementation considers the Singapore social contexts. We hope that Singaporeans understand this and support every effort of the Muslims in Singapore to strengthen this institution and not raise any suspicion as to its existence. If its existence was to be affected, this will only open (and give) the opportunity for foreign radical ideologies to gain adherents here.<br /><br />6. Steps to strengthen social cohesion as a means of averting suspicions (mistrust) amongst the various races and religions are an important step. We agree to our government's concern regarding this and support the continuance of this effort. At the same time we are worried that there are side issues which are regarded as important to a particular group as these are evidently a valid requirement of their religion, but yet are not recieving due attention and toleration by others for them to practice it. <span style="color:#3333ff;">Example is the 'Tudung Issue', a specific Islamic requirement for Muslim girls who have attained the age of puberty. By not resolving this issue, we fear that some section of our citizens may become disenchanted with our concept of freedom of religious practices. This issue has already raised dissatisfaction and if left unattended would lead to feelings of mistrust by one group towards the others. We are concerned that if this is not resolved amicably and convincingly, every effort towards wanting to strengthen social cohesion (amongst the races) would only be seen merely as a mere slogan chanting. To forge a more meaningful social cohesion, it must seriously consider and respect the differences existing amongst the various ethnic groups in Singapore. To regard it as insignificant or setting aside (disregarding) something seen as very important for one minority group with the excuse that we have to look into the interest and well-being of the majority should not be too often used as an excuse.<br /></span><br />7. PERGAS would like to register our concern regarding misconceptions about Islam, which if it is not corrected may lead to negative reactions of other groups towards the Muslim community. Efforts to correcting these misconceptions must be by referring to valid sources. Allowing any ideas which aims at inciting towards violence using Islam as the label, or radical ideas which aims to tarnish the sanctity of Islam and thereby affecting the believe of Muslims, disregarding the accepted authoritative Islamic methods and authentic sources, if allowed to spread amongst Muslims, would only worsen the situation. These have indirectly undermined and challenged the general lay Muslims belief, for it gave the opportunity for some people to disparage respected scholars of Islam and Islamic leaders in the region. The specific example we are referring to is the recent Forum conducted by ISEAS (Institue of South-East Asian Studies) where in our opinion, many misleading views and questionable assertions were given an audience which may endanger the established beliefs and practices of Muslims in this region. It is most unfortunate that these (speakers) were projected as though they are the spokespersons representing Islam.<br /><br />8. May Allah protects us all in Singapore from every dangerous threat.<br /><br />And Allah Knows (all)<br /><br />And (May there be) Peace<br /><br />Ustaz Mohamad Hasbi Bin Hassan<br />President<br />PERGAS<br /><br />16 JANUARY 2003/13 ZULQA'EDAH 1423<br /><br />--------------------------------------- End of statement ----------------------------------------</span></strong> </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="center"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:130%;"><strong>--------------------------</strong></span></div><div align="center"><span style="font-size:130%;"><strong><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><a href="http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/2008/04/appendix-iii.html">go to: APPENDIX III</a></span></strong></span></div><div align="center"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;font-size:130%;"><strong>--------------------------</strong></span></div>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8990940977932800840.post-61902100478539387052008-04-29T06:48:00.000-07:002009-08-12T21:43:55.431-07:00Appendix I - "AURAT ISSUE"<div align="justify"><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><span style="font-size:130%;color:#000099;">“PERGAS AND THE TUDUNG ISSUE”</span><br /><span style="color:#ff0000;">(Translated into English from the statement in Malay)<br /></span><br />PERGAS as an association with the responsibility to strive for the aspirations and pristine values of the Islamic faith is very concern regarding specifically, the ‘Tudung’ issue in the national school and the general issue on the hijab. Our committee is currently discussing and analysing the issue and plans to issue our comprehensive views and comments on the matter soon. InsyaAllah (God willing).<br /><br />For the moment PERGAS wish to lay down several important principles relevant to the issue. We are of the opinion that these principles, apart from it being based on the teachings of the religion, it would also be upholding justice and fairness to all the citizens in Singapore in general. </strong></span><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong>These principles are:</strong></span></div><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><strong><div align="justify"><br />Firstly:</div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify">1) Aspiration towards forging national integration amongst the citizens of Singapore is shared by each and every one and should be the responsibility of every community of diverse background in our country.<br /><br />The process for national integration must start with creating a common clarified understanding of the conceptual framework first. The philosophy, objective and principles must be understood, agreed upon and upheld by every community such that (national) integration can be effectively and meaningfully achieved.<br /><br />On this basis, PERGAS appeals to the government to allow the opportunity for every (sector of the) community, be they at governmental level or the general public, to continue with the debate on this concept of national integration. This is especially so because the government has stressed this (i.e. national integration) as (one of the) reasons for implementing the school uniform rule<br /><br />We are concerned that the result of efforts towards forging national integration may fail to be achieved because some sectors of our community are doubtful (suspicious) in accepting the argument on the correlation between the removal of the tudung with national integration. We even envisage that (national) integration would never be achieved if a minority group in our country feels compelled (coerced) into having to dilute its (moral) values and religious principles just so that uniformity with the majority can be attained. </div><div align="justify"><br />Secondly: </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify">2) Guidelines and guidance from the (Islamic) scholars and religious experts regarding a legal rule is crucial for the common benefit of its community (ummah).<br /><br />The current trend (in vogue) in the Muslim world regarding whatever important issues faced by its community would have to be discussed and decided collectively (jama’i) or by consensus, examples like in the institution for religious guidance (Fatawa), research and the like.<br /><br />PERGAS hope that any statement made, which relates to Islamic rulings for the Muslim community, would not be issued individually, since it is imperative that the process of discussion to derive any juristic opinions be done collectively (by consensus amongst the experts), to avoid confusion and conflict amongst the general public.<br /><br />Further efforts, which are constructive and positive, must be carefully planned and executed. Amongst these, which we can explore, is to revive the culture of dialogue based on (the principle of) respect for each other and trusting (mutual confidence) between every community. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify">(We believe) this is also the new culture and values which our government wish for its citizens to practice for the sake of moulding (strong sense of) nationalism and Nation (building), where its citizens actively participate in the process and where common problems are solved through consensus and dialogue. </div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify">And with (our greeting of) peace<br /><br />USTAZ MUHAMAD MUHAMAD ISHAK<br />HONORARY SECRETARY<br />ISLAMIC SCHOLARS & RELIGIOUS TEACHERS’ ASSOCIATION (SINGAPORE)<br /><br />2 FEBRUARY 2002 / 19 ZULQA'EDAH 1422<br />--------------------------------------------- End of statement --------------------------------------------</div><div align="justify"></div><div align="center">-<span style="font-size:130%;">-----------------------</span></div><div align="center"><span style="font-size:130%;"><a href="http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/2008/04/appendix-ii.html">go to APPENDIX II</a></span></div><div align="center"><span style="font-size:130%;">------------------------</span></strong></span></div>Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismailhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09546529393463813852noreply@blogger.com0